ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2024
Vascular stability of brain arteriovenous malformations after partial embolization.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- The molecular basis of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs): Review of inflammation in AVM pathogenesis.Neurosurgical review · 2026Review
- The Role of Hippo Signaling in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Molecular Insights into Post-Embolization Remodeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Vascular stability of brain arteriovenous malformations after partial embolization.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
introductionBrain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) might have a higher risk of rupture after partial embolization, and previous studies have shown that some metrics of vascular stability are related to bAVM rupture risk.
objectiveTo analyze vascular stability of bAVM in patients after partial embolization.
methodsTwenty-four patients who underwent partial embolization were classified into the short-term, medium-term, and long-term groups, according to the time interval between partial embolization and surgery. The control group consisted of 9 bAVM patients who underwent surgery alone. Hemodynamic changes after partial embolization were measured by angiogram. The inflammatory infiltrates and cell-cell junctions were evaluated by MMP-9 and VE-cadherin. At the protein level, the proliferative and apoptotic events of bAVMs were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of VEGFA, eNOS, and caspase-3. Finally, neovascularity and apoptotic cells were assessed by CD31 staining and TUNEL staining.
resultsImmediately after partial embolization, the blood flow velocity of most bAVMs increased. The quantity of MMP-9 in the medium-term group was the highest, and VE-cadherin in the medium-term group was the lowest. The expression levels of VEGFA, eNOS, and neovascularity were highest in the medium-term group. Similarly, the expression level of caspase-3 and the number of apoptotic cells were highest in the medium-term group.
conclusionThe biomarkers for bAVM vascular stability were most abnormal between 1 and 28 days after partial embolization.
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