SynthesisViruses2023
Hyperinflammatory Response in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impact of COVID-19 on the Development of Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis: A Systematic Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of new-onset diabetes following COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- The Association betweenViruses · 2023Pooled it
- Systemic inflammation index, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Bioelectrical Impedance in Monitoring Hyperhydration and Muscle Wasting in Critically Ill Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Patients: The Feasibility of Predicting Outcome.Physiological research · 2025Trial
- Effects of a symptom-titrated exercise program on fatigue and quality of life in people with post-COVID condition - a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Acute estradiol and progesterone therapy in hospitalized adults to reduce COVID-19 severity: a randomized control trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Cytokine-Driven Hyperinflammation in Long COVID: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, Complement Dysregulation, and Emerging Immunotherapies-A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- ZFP36 Family Proteins as Critical Regulators of Inflammation, Immune Cell Development, and Antiviral Responses.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Tracking COVID-19 Severity and Progression Through Amines and Lipid Mediators.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Article
- The adult nasal mucosa is defined by distinct immune profiles that modulate in-vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Association Between Serum Ferritin and Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Vascular Immune Crosstalk in COVID-19: RAAS Biomarker Signature Linking Angiotensin II to Respiratory Compromise and Soluble ACE2 to IL-13 and FGF, Revealing Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases: Therapeutic Signaling Catalysts in Viral Immune Evasion.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Changes in ANA Positivity Following SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Lombardy Region, Italy.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Intubated COVID-19 Patients More Likely to Develop Subglottic Stenosis.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Oxidants, antioxidants, and the clinical course of COVID-19 disease: a prospective observational study.Virology journal · 2026Observational
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 is a multisystemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The immunopathogenic conditions of the hyperinflammatory response that cause systemic inflammation are extremely linked to its severity. This research sought to review the immunopathological elements that contribute to its progression. This is a systematic review using the PUBMED, LILACS, MEDLINE, and SCIELO databases using articles between May 2020 and July 2022 with the following search terms in conjunction with "AND": "SARS-CoV-2"; "COVID-19"; "ARDS" and "Cytokine Storm". The quality appraisal and risk of bias were assessed by the JBI checklists and the Cochrane Collaboration's RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I tools, respectively, and the risk of bias for in vitro studies by a pre-defined standard in the literature. The search resulted in 39 articles. The main actors in this response denote SARS-CoV-2 Spike proteins, cellular proteases, leukocytes, cytokines, and proteolytic cascades. The "cytokine storm" itself brings several complications to the host through cytokines such as IL-6 and chemokines (such as CCL2), which influence tissue inflammation through apoptosis and pyroptosis. The hyperinflammatory response causes several unfavorable outcomes in patients, and systemic inflammation caused largely by the dysregulation of the immune response should be controlled for their recovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.