ArticleViruses2023
Extracellular Vesicles Are Conveyors of the NS1 Toxin during Dengue Virus and Zika Virus Infection.
Article in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Small extracellular vesicles from DENV2-infected C6/36 cells show viral infectionEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Differential properties of NS1 glycoproteins in West Nile and Usutu viruses.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Microparticles Released by Dengue Virus-Infected Monocytes Mediate Endothelial Activation and Vasculopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Co-release of tick-borne encephalitis virus RNA and structural proteins via virus-like particles and extracellular vesicles.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Review
- Classification and biogenesis of vesicles, and their roles in the transport of viral components.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as new-age vaccine carriers: a focused account on viral diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exerkine-loaded exosomes in muscle aging: a nexus of exercise, regeneration, and crosstalk.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Dengue virus and lipid metabolism: unravelling the interplay for future therapeutic approaches.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Review
- Intercellular highways of viral spread: tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles at the maternal-fetal interface.Current opinion in virology · 2025Review
- Flavivirus Nonstructural Protein 1‑Driven Coagulation via Tissue Factor-Bearing Microvesicles: A Pilot Study.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Exosomes in Clinical Laboratory: From Biomarker Discovery to Diagnostic Implementation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Lipids, Tetraspanins, and Exosomes: Cell Factors inViruses · 2025Review
- A pain from the nose to the head: neurological commitment during long COVID.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- A game of hide-and-seek: how extracellular vesicles evade the immune system.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Zika Virus Infection Modulates Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Morphology in Human Umbilical Cord Endothelial Cells: A Proteomic and Microscopic Analysis.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Severe Dengue: Virus-Host Interactions and Biomarker Potential.Viruses · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), produced during viral infections, are of emerging interest in understanding infectious processes and host-pathogen interactions. EVs and exosomes in particular have the natural ability to transport nucleic acids, proteins, and other components of cellular or viral origin. Thus, they participate in intercellular communication, immune responses, and infectious and pathophysiological processes. Some viruses are known to hijack the cell production and content of EVs for their benefit. Here, we investigate whether two pathogenic flaviviruses i.e., Zika Virus (ZIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV2) could have an impact on the features of EVs. The analysis of EVs produced by infected cells allowed us to identify that the non-structural protein 1 (NS1), described as a viral toxin, is associated with exosomes. This observation could be confirmed under conditions of overexpression of recombinant NS1 from each flavivirus. Using different isolation methods (i.e., exosome isolation kit, size exclusion chromatography, Polyethylene Glycol enrichment, and ELISA capture), we showed that NS1 was present as a dimer at the surface of excreted exosomes, and that this association could occur in the extracellular compartment. This finding could be of major importance in a physiological context. Indeed, this capacity of NS1 to address EVs and its implication in the pathophysiology during Dengue or Zika diseases should be explored. Furthermore, exosomes that have demonstrated a natural capacity to vectorize NS1 could serve as useful tools for vaccine development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.