ArticleVeterinary sciences2023
Comparison of Fish, Krill and Flaxseed as Omega-3 Sources to Increase the Omega-3 Index in Dogs.
Article in Veterinary sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perspectives on dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for enhanced immunity in healthy and ill dogs: a narrative review.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Review
- Efficacy of a joint supplement containing eggshell membrane among other ingredients to improve the mobility of dogs with osteoarthritis: a multicenter double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Effect on Neuropathy of the Peripheral Nervous System in Dietary Obese Rats: Is the Source of These Fatty Acids Important for Outcome?Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- The Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation on the Omega-3 Index and Quality of Life and Pain Scores in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Short-term dietary changes are reflected in the cerebral content of adult ring-billed gulls.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Protein hydrolysate and oil from fish waste reveal potential as dog food ingredients.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
(1) Background: it is only the longer chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) and not the shorter chain α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) that have been linked to health benefits. (2) Methods: 45 dogs divided into three groups were first given premium dry food for 38 days (baseline). The O3I was then used as a diagnostic tool to provide a measure of the sum of EPA + DHA in red blood cell membranes given as a percentage of all fatty acids. The dogs were subsequently fed with either krill meal (krill), fishmeal/oil (fish) or flaxseed cake (flax) included in raw food providing daily 416 mg EPA + DHA (971 mg ALA), 513 mg EPA + DHA (1027 mg ALA) and 1465 mg ALA (122 mg EPA + DHA), respectively. (3) Results: the average baseline O3I level of all dogs was low (1.36%), warranting n-3 supplementation. After four weeks, O3I levels were significantly increased in the krill (from 1.36 ± 0.44 to 2.36 ± 0.39%) and fish (from 1.35 ± 0.22 to 1.9 ± 0.35%) groups (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.