ArticleToxics2023
Exposure to Polypropylene Microplastics via Oral Ingestion Induces Colonic Apoptosis and Intestinal Barrier Damage through Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice.
Article in Toxics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intraspecific Trait Variation in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract: A Digestive Dive and Systematic Literature Review.Integrative and comparative biology · 2026Pooled it
- Molecular and Cellular Effects of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular, Nervous, Urinary, Digestive, and Reproductive System Diseases: A Global Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Microplastic-Mediated Gene Expression Alterations and Cancer Risk: Insights from Toxicogenomic Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Can Micro- and Nanoplastics Modify Food-Allergy-Relevant Pathways?-A Comprehensive Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Possible Role of Gut Microbiota in Polypropylene Microplastics-Induced Immunity and Reproductive Dysfunction in Mice.Toxics · 2026Article
- Investigating the microwave degradation of polypropylene microplastics and their impact on human intestinal cell models.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Emerging evidence on micro- and nanoplastics carcinogenicity: mechanisms, models, and signaling networks.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Effects of microplastics on the intestines.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Micro- and Nanoplastics Exposure Across the Lifespan: One Health Implications for Aging and Longevity.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- From Kitchen to Cell: A Critical Review of Microplastic Release from Consumer Products and Its Health Implications.Toxics · 2026Review
- Polylactic acid microplastics as metabolic disruptors: Linking gut dysbiosis to systemic toxicity by disrupting microbiota-host co-metabolism.Current research in toxicology · 2026Review
- Higher abundance of micro- and nanoplastics in inflammatory tissues from patients with intestinal erosion.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Microplastics' Impact on the Development of AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Micro- and Nanoplastics Driving Adverse Human Health Effects.Toxics · 2025Review
- Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Health Concerning Cellular Toxicity Mechanisms, Exposure Pathways, and Global Mitigation Strategies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Multiomics Reveals Nonphagocytosable Microplastics Induce Colon Inflammatory Injury via Bile Acid-Gut Microbiota Interactions and Barrier Dysfunction.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Short-term exposure to polystyrene microplastics alters cognition, immune, and metabolic markers in an apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and sex-dependent manner.Environmental research communications · 2025Article
- Physiological Stress Responses Associated with Microplastic Ingestion in the Benthic FlatfishToxics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Extensive environmental pollution by microplastics has increased the risk of human exposure to plastics. However, the biosafety of polypropylene microplastics (PP-MPs), especially of PP particles < 10 μm, in mammals has not been studied. Thus, here, we explored the mechanism of action and effect of exposure to small and large PP-MPs, via oral ingestion, on the mouse intestinal tract. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered PP suspensions (8 and 70 μm; 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/mL) for 28 days. PP-MP treatment resulted in inflammatory pathological damage, ultrastructural changes in intestinal epithelial cells, imbalance of the redox system, and inflammatory reactions in the colon. Additionally, we observed damage to the tight junctions of the colon and decreased intestinal mucus secretion and ion transporter expression. Further, the apoptotic rate of colonic cells significantly increased after PP-MP treatment. The expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptosis proteins significantly increased in colon tissue, while the expression of anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis proteins significantly decreased. In summary, this study demonstrates that PP-MPs induce colonic apoptosis and intestinal barrier damage through oxidative stress and activation of the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signal pathway in mice, which provides new insights into the toxicity of MPs in mammals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.