ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2023
Protective effects of pentoxifylline against chlorine-induced acute lung injury in rats.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- A human airway-on-a-chip microphysiological system for modeling chlorine gas toxicity.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Trends in chlorine and chloramine gas exposures reported to United States poison centers.Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Activation of AMPK/mTOR-Driven Autophagy and Suppression of the HMGB1/TLR4 Pathway with Pentoxifylline Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveChlorine is a chemical threat agent that can be harmful to humans. Inhalation of high levels of chlorine can lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment, and effective antidote is urgently needed. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine derivative and nonspecific phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is widely used for the treatment of vascular disorders. The present study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of PTX on chlorine-induced ALI in rats.
methodsAdult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 400 ppm Cl
resultsThe histopathological examination demonstrated that chlorine could destroy the lung structure with hemorrhage, alveolar collapse, and inflammatory infiltration. ROS accumulation was significantly higher in the lungs of rats suffering from inhaling chlorine (P<0.05). PTX markedly reduced concentrations of MAD and GSSG, while increased GSH (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of SOD1 and CAT also decreased (P<0.05). Furthermore, the activity of LDH in rats treated with PTX was significantly decreased compared to those of non-treated group (P<0.05). Additionally, the results also showed that PTX exerted an inhibition effect on protein expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF and occludin, and increased the level of E-cadherin (P<0.05). While the up-regulation of Beclin 1, LC 3II/I, Bcl-xl, and Parkin both in the lung tissues and mitochondria, were found in PTX treated rats (P<0.05). The other protein levels were decreased when treated with PTX (P<0.05).
conclusionPTX could ameliorate chlorine-induced lung injury via inhibition effects on oxidative stress, hypoxia and autophagy, thus suggesting that PTX could serve as a potential therapeutic approach for ALI.
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