ArticleMedicine and science in sports and exercise2023
Effects of Unilateral Eccentric versus Concentric Training of Nonimmobilized Arm during Immobilization.
Article in Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-Education Effect on Force Production Capacity After Unilateral Resistance Training in Clinical Populations: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Eccentric Exercise of the Extensors on Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage of the Flexors in Limbs.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2025Trial
- Cross-education attenuates muscle weakness and facilitates strength recovery after orthopedic immobilization in females: A pilot study.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- The metabokine β-aminoisobutyric acid mediates exercise performance and skeletal muscle adaptation through a PGC1α-BAIBA-PPARδ axis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The small-cage induced sedentariness in male young rats: evidence from energy expenditure and glucose uptake.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Eccentric exercise: Muscle damage to the new normal.Journal of sport and health science · 2026Article
- Quantifying the Toll of Disuse: A Meta-Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength Loss Following Upper Limb Immobilization.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Neuromuscular electrical stimulation producing low evoked force elicits the repeated bout effect on muscle damage markers of the elbow flexors.Sports medicine and health science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe present study tested the hypothesis that eccentric training (ET) of nonimmobilized arm would attenuate negative effects of immobilization and provide greater protective effects against muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise after immobilization, when compared with concentric training (CT).
methodsSedentary young men were placed to ET, CT, or control group ( n = 12 per group), and their nondominant arms were immobilized for 3 wk. During the immobilization period, the ET and CT groups performed five sets of six dumbbell curl eccentric-only and concentric-only contractions, respectively, at 20%-80% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVCiso) strength over six sessions. MVCiso torque, root-mean square (RMS) of electromyographic activity during MVCiso, and bicep brachii muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured before and after immobilization for both arms. All participants performed 30 eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors (30EC) by the immobilized arm after the cast was removed. Several indirect muscle damage markers were measured before, immediately after, and for 5 d after 30EC.
resultsET increased MVCiso (17% ± 7%), RMS (24% ± 8%), and CSA (9% ± 2%) greater ( P < 0.05) than CT (6% ± 4%, 9% ± 4%, 3% ± 2%) for the trained arm. The control group showed decreases in MVCiso (-17% ± 2%), RMS (-26% ± 6%), and CSA (-12% ± 3%) for the immobilized arm, but these changes were attenuated greater ( P < 0.05) by ET (3% ± 3%, -0.1% ± 2%, 0.1% ± 0.3%) than CT (-4% ± 2%, -4% ± 2%, -1.3% ± 0.4%). Changes in all muscle damage markers after 30EC were smaller ( P < 0.05) for the ET and CT than the control group, and ET than the CT group (e.g., peak plasma creatine kinase activity: ET, 860 ± 688 IU·L -1 ; CT, 2390 ± 1104 IU·L -1 ; control, 7819 ± 4011 IU·L -1 ).
conclusionsThese results showed that ET of the nonimmobilized arm was effective for eliminating the negative effects of immobilization and attenuating eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage after immobilization.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.