ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence reports2022
Perspectives of people in Philadelphia who use fentanyl/heroin adulterated with the animal tranquilizer xylazine; Making a case for xylazine test strips.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interpol review of forensic drug chemistry, 2022-2025.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2026Review
- Navigating an unpredictable supply: lived experiences of xylazine exposure among people who use drugs.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Xylazine in Ohio: Insights from individuals with criminal legal system involvement and a history of illicit stimulant use.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Analysis of toxicity and mechanism of xylazine on testis with network toxicology and molecular docking strategy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Differences in Xylazine and Xylazine Test Strip Usage Among Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Populations: Findings from the Stay Safe Study.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Observational
- Characterizing patterns of opioid and stimulant use by route and associations with non-fatal overdose and xylazine use in people who have injected drugs from Baltimore, MD, 2023-2024.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Assessing the real-world performance of xylazine test strips for community-based drug checking in Los Angeles.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Acute fentanyl and xylazine co-exposure uniquely increase the excitability of dopamine type 2 receptor-expressing striatal medium spiny neurons.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Emergency department-based testing for xylazine and other novel psychoactive substances in Central Alabama: a feasibility study.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Navigating an Unpredictable Supply: Lived Experiences of Xylazine Exposure Among People Who Use Drugs.Research square · 2026Article
- Perceptions and Experiences of Xylazine, Disparities in Xylazine Awareness, and Correlates of Xylazine-Attributed Wounds Among People Who Use Opioids.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Unmasking a neurotoxic duo: a comprehensive overview of fentanyl-xylazine crosstalk in kinase pathways.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Xylazine Awareness and Suspected Presence in the Illicit Drug Supply Among People Who Used Stimulants in an Overdose Hotspot, 2023.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Individual differences in behavioral effects of xylazine and opioid-xylazine mixtures in male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Characterization of Reddit Posts About Xylazine-Associated Wounds: Qualitative Study.JMIR dermatology · 2025Article
- "Anything can happen": experiences of people using opioids in a xylazine market.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Manifestations of potential xylazine withdrawal: A retrospective cohort study with nested case series.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Navigating US illicit drug market volatility: harm reduction strategies employed by people who inject drugs.Health promotion international · 2025Article
- U.S. substance use harm reduction efforts: a review of the current state of policy, policy barriers, and recommendations.Harm reduction journal · 2025Review
- 'Tranq': perceptions of xylazine and harm reduction practices among people receiving treatment for substance use disorders.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Xylazine is an animal tranquilizer increasingly detected in those who have died of an opioid overdose in Philadelphia, PA and elsewhere. Despite an increasing presence of xylazine in the local fentanyl/heroin drug market and its association with ulcers, there are few perspectives about xylazine from people who use drugs and no data about the utility of a hypothetical xylazine test strip. Methods: Between January to May 2021 in Philadelphia, PA, people who used fentanyl/heroin and had previously used fentanyl test strips were queried about xylazine and hypothetical xylazine test strips. Interviews were transcribed and analysis was conducted via conventional content analysis. Results: Participants (7 spontaneously, 6 after probing, Conclusions: In the present study, people who use fentanyl/heroin indicated an interest to test their drug for the presence of xylazine prior to use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.