ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2023
Extracellular vesicles would be involved in the release and delivery of seminal TGF-β isoforms in pigs.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seminal Extracellular Vesicles as Molecular Modulators of Male Reproductive Function.Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene · 2026Review
- The maternal immune response to semen: implications for reproductive success in livestock.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
- The synergic impact of decellularized testis scaffold and extracellular vesicles derived from human semen on spermatogonial stem cell survival and differentiation.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Article
- Engineered extracellular vesicles: a breakthrough approach to overcoming sperm cryopreservation challenges.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Recent advances in therapeutic use of transforming growth factor-beta inhibitors in cancer and fibrosis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Updating Research on Extracellular Vesicles of the Male Reproductive Tract in Farm Animals: A Systematic Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Immunophenotype profile by flow cytometry reveals different subtypes of extracellular vesicles in porcine seminal plasma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Determinant genetic markers of semen quality in livestock.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- The Cation/Calcium Channel of Sperm (CatSper): A Common Role Played Despite Inter-Species Variation?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Pig seminal plasma (SP) is rich in active forms of all three isoforms (1-3) of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), a chemokine modulatory of the immune environment in the female genital tract once semen is delivered during mating or artificial insemination (AI). The present study aimed to examine how TGF-βs are secreted by the epithelium of the male reproductive tract and how they are transported in semen, emphasizing the interplay with seminal extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Methods: Source of TGF-βs was examined by immunohistochemistry in testis, epididymis, and accessory sex glands, by immunocytochemistry in ejaculated spermatozoa, and by Luminex xMAP Results: All three TGF-β isoforms were expressed in all reproductive tissues explored and would be released into ductal lumen either in soluble form or associated with sEVs. Ejaculated spermatozoa expressed all three TGF-β isoforms, both inside and outside, probably the outer one associated with membrane-bound sEVs. The results confirmed that pig SP contains all three TGF-β isoforms and demonstrated that a substantial portion of them is associated with sEVs. Discussion: Seminal EVs would be involved in the cellular secretion of the active forms of seminal TGF-β isoforms and in their safe transport from the male to the female reproductive tract.
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