ReviewInternational journal of endocrinology2023
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Review in International journal of endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Alpha-lipoic acid as a trigger of insulin autoimmune syndrome: Current evidence, a case-based approach, diagnostic pitfalls, and practical management.Metabolism open · 2026Review
- Averting Potential Misinterpretations and Diagnostic Misapplications of Misleading Laboratory Results.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome Associated With Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Nodular Thyroid Disease: Clinical Management With Flash Glucose Monitoring and Prednisolone Therapy.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Ovarian stimulation toward oocyte cryopreservation for fertility preservation in a patient with Hirata syndrome: a clinical challenge in assisted reproduction.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Article
- A case report and literature review of proton pump inhibitors inducing insulin autoimmune syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Clopidogrel-Induced Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: Efficacy of Glucocorticoid Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Dual Thiol Drug-Induced Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome in a Non-Asian Patient Carrying HLA-DRB1*04:06: A Case Report and Literature Review.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2026Article
- A Case of Antibody-Mediated Recurrent Hypoglycemia in a Patient With Mixed Connective Tissue Disease.Cureus · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and individualized treatment strategies for children with type 1 diabetes and exogenous insulin antibody syndrome: a retrospective case series and literature review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Hirata Syndrome Clinical Presentation and Management: A Single-Centre Experience.Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies · 2025Article
- Deep learning-driven TCRβ repertoire analysis enhances diagnosis and enables mining of immunological biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus.BioData mining · 2025Article
- Drug-induced insulin autoimmune syndrome: a clinico-epidemiological analysis integrating pharmacovigilance data and case series.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Hirata Syndrome in a Woman With Graves' Disease Without Exposure to Thionamides and Summary of Cases from South America.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: Addressing the Challenges and Complexities Surrounding a 70-Year-Old Compound.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Insulin autoimmune syndrome in a patient with vitiligo: a case report and review of literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Review
- Insulin autoimmune syndrome in a 3-year-old boy: the youngest to date in China and a narrow review.BMC pediatrics · 2025Review
- Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: A Chinese Expert Consensus Statement.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2025Article
- Pitfalls of Hypoglycemia: Uncommon Presentation of Hirata's Disease in a Caucasian Female.Cureus · 2025Article
- Case Report: Exogenous insulin antibody syndrome complicated with chronic renal failure and long-term history of type 2 diabetes: report of two cases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of severe hypoglycemia, markedly elevated serum insulin, and positive insulin autoantibodies. In recent years, various countries have reported it one after another. It can be seen that we must pay attention to this disease. The diagnosis of IAS is challenging, requiring a careful workup aimed at excluding other causes of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. High levels of insulin autoantibodies are found in patients, and C-peptide is not parallel to insulin, which could be diagnostic. IAS is a self-limiting disease with a good prognosis. Its treatment mainly includes symptomatic supportive treatment, such as adjusting the diet and using acarbose and other drugs to delay the absorption of glucose to prevent hypoglycemia. For patients with severe symptoms, available treatments may include drugs that reduce pancreatic insulin secretion (such as somatostatin and diazoxide), immunosuppressants (glucocorticoids, zaprin, and rituximab), and even plasma exchange to remove autoantibodies from the body. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and identification, and monitoring and treatment management of IAS.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.