ArticleJournal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology2023
Hydrofoil-like legs help stream mayfly larvae to stay on the ground.
Article in Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The pronotum shape of scelimenine grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) likely represents an exaptation for heterogeneous niche colonization.Current zoology · 2025Article
- Functional morphology and biomechanics of arthropods.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2023Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Adaptations to flow have already been in the focus of early stream research, but till today morphological adaptations of stream insects are hardly understood. While most previous stream research focused on drag, the effects of lift on ground-living stream insects have been often overlooked. Stream mayfly larvae Ecdyonurus sp. graze on algae on top of the stones and therefore inhabit current exposed places in streams. They have a dorso-ventrally flattened body shape, which is known to reduce drag. However, this body shape enhances lift too, increasing the danger for the animal of getting detached from the substrate. Using microscopic techniques, 3D-printing, and drag and lift measurements in a wind tunnel, our experiments show that the widened femora of Ecdyonurus sp. can generate negative lift, contributing to counterbalance the (positive) lift of the overall body shape. The larvae can actively regulate the amount of lift by adjusting the femur's tilt or optimizing the distance to the ground. This shows that morphological adaptations of benthic stream insects can be very elaborate and can reach far beyond adaptations of the overall body shape. In the presented case, Ecdyonurus sp. takes advantage of the flow to overcome the flow's challenges.
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