ArticleJournal of translational medicine2023
Global landscape of SARS-CoV-2 mutations and conserved regions.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 resistance analyses from the Phase 3 PINETREE study of remdesivir treatment in nonhospitalized participants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein's Structural Dynamics Affect the Activity of the Bebtelovimab Antibody.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026Article
- Comprehensive longitudinal profiling identifies differential frequency, epitope specificity, and effector function of CD8EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Direct interaction between human DDX1 and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein is regulated by phosphorylation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- bronko: ultrafast, alignment-free detection of viral genome variation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Expanding SARS-CoV-2 antigen targets beyond spike using a baculovirus expression system.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Optimized ACE2-Fc fusion proteins with picomolar neutralization activity against highly evolved SARS-CoV-2 variants.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Designing a novel vaccine against COVID-19 based on spike SARS-Cov-2 notable mutations using immunoinformatics approaches.PloS one · 2026Article
- Genomic and Phylogenetic Dissection of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Networks in Healthcare Workers.International journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Beyond the Spike Glycoprotein: Mutational Signatures in SARS-CoV-2 Structural Proteins.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Multiple detection method for SARS-CoV-2 with aptamer cocktails depending on their localization in paper-based assays.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Differential response of human plasmacytoid pre-dendritic cells to SARS-CoV-2 variants.iScience · 2025Article
- Therapeutic applications of interface-mimicking peptides for targeting the SARS-CoV-2 NSP12-NSP8 RdRp complex.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Spatial Transcriptomics and Single Cell-RNASeq Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2 in Lung Tissues and Global Mutational Patterns in COVID-19 Patients.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- T cell epitope mapping reveals immunodominance of evolutionarily conserved regions within SARS-CoV-2 proteome.iScience · 2025Article
- From Delta to Omicron-Genetic Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 (hCoV-19) in Southern Poland.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- BioInnovate AI: A Machine Learning Platform for Rapid PCR Assay Design in Emerging Infectious Disease Diagnostics.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Alchemy: Understanding the dynamics of age, vaccination, and geography in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in India.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Betacoronavirus internal protein: role in immune evasion and viral pathogenesis.Journal of virology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAt the end of December 2019, a novel strain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) has been identified in Wuhan, a central city in China, and then spread to every corner of the globe. As of October 8, 2022, the total number of COVID-19 cases had reached over 621 million worldwide, with more than 6.56 million confirmed deaths. Since SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences change due to mutation and recombination, it is pivotal to surveil emerging variants and monitor changes for improving pandemic management.
methods10,287,271 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence samples were downloaded in FASTA format from the GISAID databases from February 24, 2020, to April 2022. Python programming language (version 3.8.0) software was utilized to process FASTA files to identify variants and sequence conservation. The NCBI RefSeq SARS-CoV-2 genome (accession no. NC_045512.2) was considered as the reference sequence.
resultsSix mutations had more than 50% frequency in global SARS-CoV-2. These mutations include the P323L (99.3%) in NSP12, D614G (97.6) in S, the T492I (70.4) in NSP4, R203M (62.8%) in N, T60A (61.4%) in Orf9b, and P1228L (50.0%) in NSP3. In the SARS-CoV-2 genome, no mutation was observed in more than 90% of nsp11, nsp7, nsp10, nsp9, nsp8, and nsp16 regions. On the other hand, N, nsp3, S, nsp4, nsp12, and M had the maximum rate of mutations. In the S protein, the highest mutation frequency was observed in aa 508-635(0.77%) and aa 381-508 (0.43%). The highest frequency of mutation was observed in aa 66-88 (2.19%), aa 7-14, and aa 164-246 (2.92%) in M, E, and N proteins, respectively.
conclusionTherefore, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 proteomic changes and detecting hot spots mutations and conserved regions could be applied to improve the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic efficiency and design safe and effective vaccines against emerging variants.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.