ArticleThe Lancet. Public health2023
Changes in severity of problem gambling and subsequent suicide attempts: a longitudinal survey of young adults in Great Britain, 2018-20.
Article in The Lancet. Public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decision-making and risk-taking as predictors of health risk behaviors in the Millennium Cohort Study.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Gambling Disorder and Suicide Risk: A Critical Gap in Psychiatric Assessment Guidelines.Journal of gambling studies · 2026Review
- Suicidal thoughts, problem gambling severity and utilisation of health care and social services: A population-based study in Finland.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Impulsivity, Cognitive Distortions, and Problem Gambling Among Spanish Adults Who Gamble: Exploring the Moderating Role of Gambling Self-Efficacy.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2026Article
- Online Personalized Normative Feedback to Foster Intention to Change and Help Seeking in Young Adults With Disordered Gambling and Trading Behaviors: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Suicidal ideation among people with different gambling behaviour profiles: analysis of a longitudinal survey of people who gamble regularly in the UK.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- The relationship between Problem Gambling Severity Index scores and suicidality: Results of a 9-year cohort study of young United Kingdom adults.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Frequency of gambling, mental health, and financial stress among young adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Sludge, dark patterns and dark nudges: A taxonomy of online gambling platforms' deceptive design features.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Causal impact of gambling-related cognitive distortions on the severity of gambling disorder: A one-year multicenter longitudinal study in treatment-seeking patients in Japan.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2025Article
- Suicidal Risk in Patients with Sex Addiction: Frequency, Sociodemographic, and Clinical Characteristics.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Prediction of Suicidal Thoughts and Suicide Attempts in People Who Gamble Based on Biological-Psychological-Social Variables: A Machine Learning Study.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2024Article
- The expansion of gambling across the Americas poses risks to mental health and wellbeing.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Review
- The Dual Burden of Emerging Adulthood: Assessing Gambling Severity, Gambling-Related Harm, and Mental Health Challenges.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Institutional investment in addictive industries: an important commercial determinant of health.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Gambling-related suicide in Victoria, Australia: a population-based cross-sectional study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Personal experiences of suicidality in women with gambling disorder - A qualitative interview study.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2023Article
- Editorial: Gambling, stigma, suicidality, and the internalization of the 'responsible gambling' mantra.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCross-sectional studies identify problem gambling as a risk factor for suicidality. Using an online longitudinal survey, we aimed to examine the association between changes in severity of gambling behaviour and attempted suicide.
methodsThe Emerging Adults Gambling Survey is a longitudinal survey of people in England, Scotland, and Wales, aged 16-24 years interviewed online between June 25 and Aug 16, 2019 (wave 1) and 1 year later between July 13 and Oct 8, 2020 (wave 2). The Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) was administered at both waves. Multivariable logistic regression models examined wave 1 PGSI score and between-wave change in PGSI score as risk factors for suicide attempts at wave 2, unadjusted and with adjustment for wellbeing, anxiousness, impulsivity, perceived loneliness, and suicide attempts at wave 1.
findings3549 participants were interviewed in wave 1 and 2094 were interviewed in wave 2, of whom 1941 were included in this analysis (749 [39%] men; 1192 women [61%]). Prevalence of attempted suicide did not change between waves (wave 1: 3·7% [95% CI 2·9-4·8], n=75; wave 2: 3·3% [2·5-4·3], n=65). 78·9% (95% CI 76·7-80·9, n=1575) of participants had stable PGSI scores between the two waves, 13·7% (11·9-15·6, n=233) of participants had a decrease in PGSI score by 1 or more, and 7·5% (6·2-8·9, n=133) had an increase in PGSI score by 1 or more. An increase in PGSI scores over time was associated with suicide attempt at wave 2, even with adjustment for baseline PGSI score and other factors (adjusted odds ratio 2·74 [95% CI 1·20-6·27]). Wave 1 PGSI score alone was not associated with suicide attempt at wave 2 in fully adjusted models.
interpretationRepeated routine screening for changes in gambling harm could be embedded in health, social care, and public service settings to allow effective identification and suicide prevention activities among young adults.
fundingWellcome Trust.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.