Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2023
Load and muscle group size influence the ergogenic effect of acute caffeine intake in muscular strength, power and endurance.
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of acute caffeine intake on muscular power during resistance exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Acute Ingestion of Caffeine Capsules on Muscle Strength and Muscle Endurance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- How does acute caffeine ingestion affect maximal strength and muscular power in bench press and back squat in resistance-trained men?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Caffeinated chewing gum produces comparable strength and power gains to capsules with fewer side effects in resistance-trained men.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Caffeine's influence on vertical jump height: a real-life collegiate student-athlete approach.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Acute caffeine intake improves muscular strength, power, and endurance performance, reversing the time-of-day effect regardless of muscle activation level in resistance-trained males: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Trial
- Effect of Caffeinated Chewing Gum on Maximal Strength, Muscular Power, and Muscle Recruitment During Bench Press and Back Squat Exercises.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Single and combined effect of beetroot juice and caffeine intake on muscular strength, power and endurance performance in resistance-trained males.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Acute Co-Ingestion of Caffeine and Sodium Bicarbonate on Muscular Endurance Performance.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Acute effects of combined and isolated caffeine and theanine supplementation on physical and cognitive performance in competitive athletes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Caffeinated chewing gum enhances maximal strength and muscular endurance during bench press and back squat exercises in resistance-trained men.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Review
- Acute effect of different doses of caffeinated chewing gum on exercise performance in caffeine-habituated male soccer players.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAlthough acute caffeine intake seems to improve muscular strength-power-endurance performance, there is scarce evidence evaluating upper vs lower-body exercises at different loads. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of acute caffeine intake on upper and lower-body muscular strength, power and endurance performance at different loads.
methodsTwenty resistance-trained athletes (male/female: 10/10; age: 23 ± 4 years; body mass: 70.6 ± 15.1) participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over and randomized study. Participants were provided with either 3 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine or maltodextrin (placebo). Sixty minutes after ingestion, they performed muscular strength and power assessment for bench press and back squat exercise at 25%, 50%, 75% and 90% 1-repetition-maximum (1RM), performing 3, 2, 1 and 1 repetitions respectively, followed by muscular endurance assessment for both exercises at 65% and 85% 1RM performing until task failure. Isometric handgrip, isometric mid-thigh pull and vertical jump tests were also performed.
resultsIn muscular strength and power, compared to placebo, caffeine improved mean velocity (P = 0.045;
conclusionsAcute caffeine intake (3 mg/kg) improved muscular strength, power and endurance performance, revealing a more pronounced effect at high-loads (≥ 75% 1RM) and in lower-body (back squat) than in upper-body exercise (bench press) according to muscle group size.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.