ArticleNursing open2023
Challenge, threat, coping potential: How primary and secondary appraisals of job demands predict nurses' affective states during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in Nursing open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- When Work Overload Cuts Both Ways: Job Crafting, Emotional Exhaustion, and the Role of Self-Efficacy in Rural Teachers' Subjective Well-Being.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The impact of challenge and hindrance demands on work-related burnout and job performance among employees in technology enterprises in China: the moderating effect of AI usage.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Job Demands, Emotional Exhaustion, and Job Performance Among Nurses: The Moderating Role of Transformational Leadership From Healthcare Top Management.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- Challenge, threat, coping potential: How primary and secondary appraisals of job demands predict nurses' affective states during the COVID-19 pandemic.Nursing open · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rapid raise of work-related stress among nurses, affecting their emotional well-being. This study examined how nurses appraise job demands (i.e. time pressure, emotional demands and physical demands) during the pandemic, and how primary (i.e. challenge and threat) and secondary appraisals (i.e. coping potential) of job demands predict nurses' affective states (i.e. positive affect, anger and anxiety).
designA cross-sectional online survey.
methods419 nurses completed self-report measures of job demands and related appraisals. Data analyses comprised correlation analysis, factor analysis, hierarchical linear regression analysis and dominance analysis.
resultsEmotional and physical demands correlated exclusively with threat appraisal, while time pressure correlated with challenge and threat appraisal. Time pressure, emotional demands and threat appraisals of job demands predicted negative affective states, while challenge appraisals of emotional and physical demands predicted positive affect. Coping potential was identified as the most important predictor variable of nurses' affective states. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: The current study identified statistically significant risk and protective factors in view of nurses' affective states experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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