ArticlePharmaceutics2023
Injectable Polypeptide Hydrogel Depots Containing Dual Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Doxorubicin for Improved Tumor Immunotherapy and Post-Surgical Tumor Treatment.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Injectable Hydrogels for Local Pharmacokinetic Control in Solid Tumors: From Passive Reservoirs to Stimulus-Responsive Exposure Systems.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-based delivery systems for cutaneous melanoma therapy: from chemical design and crosslinking strategies to structure-activity relationships.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Nanoscale Sprayable Hydrogels for Cancer Management: Nanoparticle-Loaded Formulations for Therapy and Prevention.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Advancement in Scaffold-Based 3D Cell Culture Models for Osteosarcoma Drug Screening.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Review
- Multifunctional Hydrogels for Advanced Cancer Treatment: Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutic Modalities.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chiral polypeptide hydrogels regulating local immune microenvironment and anti-tumor immune response.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Harnessing the potential of hydrogels for advanced therapeutic applications: current achievements and future directions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Application of Nanomedicine in Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Prospects.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Thermo-induced physically crosslinked polypeptide-based block copolymer hydrogels for biomedical applications.Regenerative biomaterials · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this work, we developed a strategy for local chemo-immunotherapy through simultaneous incorporation of dual immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) antibodies, anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (aCTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (aPD-1), and a chemotherapy drug, doxorubicin (Dox), into a thermo-gelling polypeptide hydrogel. The hydrogel encapsulating Dox or IgG model antibody showed sustained release profiles for more than 12 days in vitro, and the drug release and hydrogel degradation were accelerated in the presence of enzymes. In comparison to free drug solutions or hydrogels containing Dox or antibodies only, the Dox/aCTLA-4/aPD-1 co-loaded hydrogel achieved improved tumor suppression efficiency, strengthened antitumor immune response, and prolonged animal survival time after peritumoral injection into mice bearing B16F10 melanoma. Additionally, after injection of Dox/aCTLA-4/aPD-1 co-loaded hydrogel into the surgical site following tumor resection, a significantly enhanced inhibition on tumor reoccurrence was demonstrated. Thus, the polypeptide hydrogel-based chemo-immunotherapy strategy has potential in anti-tumor therapy and the prevention of tumor reoccurrence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.