ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase Protects against Diabetic Kidney Disease through the Amelioration of Oxidative Stress via VEGF/VEGFR Axis and NOX-FoxO3a-eNOS Signaling Pathway.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of febuxostat in treating diabetic kidney disease with hyperuricemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- From xanthine oxidase inhibition to inflammasome regulation: exploring the potential role of allopurinol in TXNIP-NLRP3 signaling and pyroptosis in diabetes.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- NADPH oxidases in immunometabolism and disease pathology: mechanistic networks, pollutant triggers, and therapeutic frontiers.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- SETD2 Improves Endothelial Function and Angiogenesis in Diabetic Hindlimb Ischemia Via Activating ANGPT2-PI3K/AKT Pathway.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Article
- Neoagarotetraose from Marine Red Algae Attenuates Hypertensive Vascular Remodeling by Targeting FoxO4 to Inhibit Mitochondrial Superoxide Generation.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming drives diabetic kidney disease progression: cell-specific mechanisms, metabolic memory, and targeted strategies.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Article
- Effect of Semaglutide Combined With Conventional Insulin Therapy on Blood Glucose Control and Renal Function in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Uric acid-associated mechanisms of coronary artery calcification in diabetic kidney disease: evidence, hypotheses, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Mechanism ofRenal failure · 2025Article
- NADPH oxidases: redox regulation of cell homeostasis and disease.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Biomimetic gene delivery system coupled with extracellular vesicle-encapsulated AAV for improving diabetic wound through promoting vascularization and remodeling of inflammatory microenvironment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Inverse relationship of oxidative balance score with hyperuricemia among Chinese adults: a population-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms of huperzine a in the treatment of rosacea through network pharmacology, machine learning, and molecular dynamics simulations.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Specificity of endothelial cells in endothelial dysfunction of diabetic kidney disease and their crosstalk with neighboring cells: an updated review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Febuxostat therapy improved the outcomes of cardiorenal syndrome rodent through alleviating xanthine oxidase-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- The interplay between endothelial cell dysfunction and podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy: a comprehensive review of current evidence.American journal of translational research · 2025Review
- Exploring the Molecular Modalities in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease with a Focus on the Potential Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Physical exercise improved the hematological effect of vitamin D in type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Article
- Influence of Uric Acid on Vascular and Cognitive Functions: Evidence for an Ambivalent Relationship.Metabolites · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an important source of reactive oxygen species. This study investigated whether XO inhibition exerts renoprotective effects by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Febuxostat (5 mg/kg) was administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-treated 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection for 8 weeks. The cytoprotective effects, its mechanism of XO inhibition, and usage of high-glucose (HG)-treated cultured human glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) were also investigated. Serum cystatin C, urine albumin/creatinine ratio, and mesangial area expansion were significantly improved in febuxostat-treated DKD mice. Febuxostat reduced serum uric acid, kidney XO levels, and xanthine dehydrogenase levels. Febuxostat suppressed the expression of VEGF mRNA, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)1 and VEGFR3, NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4, and mRNA levels of their catalytic subunits. Febuxostat caused downregulation of Akt phosphorylation, followed by the enhancement of dephosphorylation of transcription factor forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) and the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In an in vitro study, the antioxidant effects of febuxostat were abolished by a blockade of VEGFR1 or VEGFR3 via NOX-FoxO3a-eNOS signaling in HG-treated cultured human GECs. XO inhibition attenuated DKD by ameliorating oxidative stress through the inhibition of the VEGF/VEGFR axis. This was associated with NOX-FoxO3a-eNOS signaling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.