ReviewGenes2023
Why Were [GADV]-amino Acids and GNC Codons Selected and How Was GNC Primeval Genetic Code Established?
Review in Genes, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stereoselective Phosphorylation of d-Ribose as a Driver of Life's Homochirality.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Evolution of the First Code.Genes · 2026Review
- Origin of life: β-sheet amyloid conformers as the primordial functional polymers on the early Earth and their role in the emergence of complex dynamic networks.FEBS letters · 2025Review
- Review
- Chemical Evolution of Life on Earth.Genes · 2025Review
- The 3 31 Nucleotide Minihelix tRNA Evolution Theorem and the Origin of Life.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Evolution of Life Is a Road Paved with the DNA Quadruplet Symmetry and the Supersymmetry Genetic Code.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
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1 author.
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Abstract
Correspondence relations between codons and amino acids are determined by genetic code. Therefore, genetic code holds a key of the life system composed of genes and protein. According to the GNC-SNS primitive genetic code hypothesis, which I have proposed, it is assumed that the genetic code originated from GNC code. In this article, first, it is discussed from a standpoint of primeval protein synthesis, why four [GADV]-amino acids were selected and used in the first GNC code. Next, it is explained from another standpoint of the most primitive anticodon-stem loop tRNAs (AntiC-SL tRNAs), how four GNCs were selected for the first codons. Furthermore, in the last section of this article, I will explain my idea of how the correspondence relations between four [GADV]-amino acids and four GNC codons were established. Namely, the origin and evolution of the genetic code was discussed comprehensively from several aspects of [GADV]-proteins, [GADV]-amino acids, GNC codons, and anticodon stem-loop tRNAs (AntiC-SL tRNAs), which relate each other to the origin of the genetic code, as integrating GNC code frozen-accident theory, coevolution theory, and adaptive theory on the origin of the genetic code.
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