ArticleCancers2023
Metabolic Reprogramming of Breast Tumor-Educated Macrophages Revealed by NMR Metabolomics.
Article in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishment and Optimization of a Human Flow-Based Hollow FiberPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Obesity- and tumor-derived signals drive cancer-associated state transitions in breast mesenchymal stromal/stem cells reprogrammed by IL1RA or JAK inhibition.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- Metabolomics as a tool for understanding and treating triple-negative breast cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Macrophage-derived lncRNAs in cancer: regulators of tumor progression and therapeutic targets.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Patterns of immune evasion in triple-negative breast cancer and new potential therapeutic targets: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Metabolomics Insights into the Differential Response of Breast Cancer Cells to the Phenolic Compounds Hydroxytyrosol and Luteolin.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The metabolic crosstalk between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) has emerged as a critical contributor to tumor development and progression. In breast cancer (BC), the abundance of immune-suppressive TAMs positively correlates with poor prognosis. However, little is known about how TAMs reprogram their metabolism in the BC microenvironment. In this work, we have assessed the metabolic and phenotypic impact of incubating THP-1-derived macrophages in conditioned media (CM) from two BC cell lines cultured in normoxia/hypoxia: MDA-MB-231 cells (highly metastatic, triple-negative BC), and MCF-7 cells (less aggressive, luminal BC). The resulting tumor-educated macrophages (TEM) displayed prominent differences in their metabolic activity and composition, compared to control cells (M0), as assessed by exo- and endometabolomics. In particular, TEM turned to the utilization of extracellular pyruvate, alanine, and branched chain keto acids (BCKA), while exhibiting alterations in metabolites associated with several intracellular pathways, including polyamines catabolism (MDA-TEM), collagen degradation (mainly MCF-TEM), adenosine accumulation (mainly MDA-TEM) and lipid metabolism. Interestingly, following a second-stage incubation in fresh RPMI medium, TEM still displayed several metabolic differences compared to M0, indicating persistent reprogramming. Overall, this work provided new insights into the metabolic plasticity of TEM, revealing potentially important nutritional exchanges and immunoregulatory metabolites in the BC TME.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.