ArticleCancers2023
CD8+ Cell Density Gradient across the Tumor Epithelium-Stromal Interface of Non-Muscle Invasive Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma Predicts Recurrence-Free Survival after BCG Immunotherapy.
Article in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- AI predicting recurrence in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: systematic review with study strengths and weaknesses.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Automated measurement of CD8+ T-cell distribution at the tumor epithelial-stromal interface is associated with NSCLC immunotherapy benefit and transcriptomic pathways.Journal of pathology informatics · 2026Article
- The role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and depth of invasion in T1 bladder cancer: a retrospective analysis.BMC urology · 2025Article
- Double-Multiplex Immunostainings for Immune Profiling of Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Emerging Novel Immune-Based Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Fibroblast Activation Protein-α and the Immune Landscape: Unraveling T1 Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Progression.European urology open science · 2024Article
- Spatial Distribution of Macrophage and Lymphocyte Subtypes within Tumor Microenvironment to Predict Recurrence of Non-Muscle-Invasive Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma after BCG Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy is the first-line treatment in patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma (NMIPUC), the most common type of bladder cancer. The therapy outcomes are variable and may depend on the immune response within the tumor microenvironment. In our study, we explored the prognostic value of CD8+ cell density gradient indicators across the tumor epithelium-stroma interface of NMIPUC.
methodsClinical and pathologic data were retrospectively collected from 157 NMIPUC patients treated with BCG immunotherapy after transurethral resection. Whole-slide digital image analysis of CD8 immunohistochemistry slides was used for tissue segmentation, CD8+ cell quantification, and the assessment of CD8+ cell densities within the epithelium-stroma interface. Subsequently, the gradient indicators (center of mass and immunodrop) were computed to represent the density gradient across the interface.
resultsBy univariable analysis of the clinicopathologic factors, including the history of previous NMIPUC, poor tumor differentiation, and pT1 stage, were associated with shorter RFS (
conclusionsWe found that gradient indicators of CD8+ cell densities across the tumor epithelium-stroma interface, along with routine clinical and pathology data, improve the prediction of RFS in NMIPUC.
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