ArticleGut pathogens2023
Comparison of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Irish commercial pig farms with and without zinc oxide and antimicrobial usage.
Article in Gut pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Patterns of antimicrobial resistance genes in pathogens across One Health sectors in Ireland: anMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Potential Role of Brown Macroalgae on Pig Health: A Review.ACS nutrition science · 2026Review
- Everything is everywhere but Escherichia coli adapts to different niches.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Porcine β-Defensin 2 Expressed inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Culturomics Profiling of Nasal Cavities of European Wild Rabbits on the Iberian Peninsula: Antimicrobial Resistance and Detection of Microorganisms of Public Health Interest.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characterization of antibiotic determinants and heavy metal resistance genes inMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- RecombinantApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Sustainable AGP alternatives: a systems approach to non-antibiotic growth regulators standardization, synergistic formulation and environmental safety.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- The Mechanism of Zinc Oxide in Alleviating Diarrhea in Piglets after Weaning: A Review from the Perspective of Intestinal Barrier Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Combination of Hydrolysable Tannins and Zinc Oxide on Enterocyte Functionality: In Vitro Insights.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Review
- Impact of precursor-derived peracetic acid on post-weaning diarrhea, intestinal microbiota, and predicted microbial functional genes in weaned pigs.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Metagenomic comparison of the faecal and environmental resistome on Irish commercial pig farms with and without zinc oxide and antimicrobial usage.Animal microbiome · 2023Article
- Building an International One Health Strain Level Database to Characterise the Epidemiology of AMR Threats: ESBL-AmpC ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prophylactic use of antimicrobials and zinc oxide (ZnO) in pig production was prohibited by the European Union in 2022 due to potential associations between antimicrobial and heavy metal usage with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and concerns regarding environmental pollution. However, the effects of their usage on the bacterial AMR profiles on commercial pig farms are still not fully understood and previous studies examining the effect of ZnO have reported contrasting findings. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of antimicrobial and ZnO usage on AMR on commercial pig farms. Faecal and environmental samples were taken on 10 Irish commercial farms, of which 5 farms regularly used ZnO and antimicrobials (amoxicillin or sulphadiazine-trimethoprim) for the prevention of disease. The other 5 farms did not use ZnO or any other form of prophylaxis. Escherichia coli numbers were quantified from all samples using non-supplemented and supplemented Tryptone Bile X-glucuronide agar.
resultsIn total 351 isolates were phenotypically analysed, and the genomes of 44 AmpC/ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from 4 farms were characterised using whole-genome sequencing. Phenotypic analysis suggested higher numbers of multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates on farms using prophylaxis. Furthermore, farms using prophylaxis were associated with higher numbers of isolates resistant to apramycin, trimethoprim, tetracycline, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol, while resistance to ciprofloxacin was more associated with farms not using any prophylaxis. Thirty-four of the 44 AmpC/ESBL-producing E. coli strains harboured the bla
conclusionsThe results of this study showed evidence that antimicrobial and ZnO treatment of pigs post-weaning can favour the selection and development of AMR and MDR E. coli. Co-location of resistance genes on mobile genetic elements was observed. This study demonstrated the usefulness of phenotypic and genotypic detection of antimicrobial resistance by combining sequencing and microbiological methods.
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