ArticleJournal of substance use and addiction treatment2023
Past-year medical and non-medical opioid use by HIV status in a nationally representative US sample: Implications for HIV and substance use service integration.
Article in Journal of substance use and addiction treatment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Interactions between long-acting antiretrovirals and opioids: a call for clinical awareness.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Acceptability of a Smartphone-Based Music Intervention for Chronic Pain and Problematic Opioid Use Among People with HIV: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2025Article
- Medicaid expansion is not associated with prescription opioid and benzodiazepine misuse among people who inject drugs: A serial cross-sectional observational study using generalized difference-in-differences models.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Observational
- Mu opioid receptor activation in microglia enhances HIV-1 infection and HIV-infection-induced inflammatory responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Chronic opioid use is associated with higher antibody response to influenza vaccination in people living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- HIV-Associated Heart Failure: Phenotypes and Clinical Outcomes in a Safety-Net Setting.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- An update on drug-drug interactions in older adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
- HIV-Associated Heart Failure: Phenotypes and Clinical Outcomes in a Safety-Net Setting.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Opioid misuse among people with HIV: results from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) 2015-2019.Pain management · 2024Article
- Association Between Age of Anal Sex Debut and Adult Health Behaviors Among Sexual Minoritized Men Living with HIV.Archives of sexual behavior · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimIn the context of the continued overdose epidemic, recent population estimates of opioid use in highly affected groups, such as people at risk for or people living with HIV (PLWH), are essential for service planning and provision. Although nonmedical opioid use is associated with HIV transmission and with lowered adherence and care engagement, most studies rely on clinic-based samples and focus on medical use of opioids only. We examine associations between opioid-related outcomes by HIV status in a community-based nationally representative sample.
methodsThe 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health included 213,203 individuals aged 18 and older. Respondents self-reported whether a health care professional ever told them they had HIV/AIDS (i.e., HIV-positive/PLWH, HIV-negative, HIV-unknown). Opioid-related outcomes included past-year medical opioid use and past-year nonmedical (i.e., prescription opioid and heroin) use. Multinomial logistic regression estimated adjusted relative risk ratios between past-year opioid-related outcomes and HIV status, controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, population density, and year.
resultsIn 2015-2019, 0.2 % of respondents were PLWH and 0.3 % self-reported an HIV-unknown status. Past-year medical opioid use was 37.3 % among PLWH, 30.4 % among HIV-negative and 21.9 % among HIV-unknown individuals. Past-year nonmedical use was 11.1 % among PLWH, 4.2 % among HIV-negative and 7.2 % among HIV-unknown individuals. Compared to HIV-negative individuals, PLWH had 3.21 times higher risk of past-year nonmedical use vs. no use (95 % CI:2.02-5.08) and 2.02 times higher risk of past-year nonmedical vs. medical opioid use only (95 % CI:1.24-2.65).
conclusionNonmedical opioid use prevalence was almost three times higher among PLWH than HIV-negative individuals. Because opioid use and its related harms disproportionately burden PLWH, integrating HIV and substance use prevention and treatment services may improve both HIV-related and opioid-related outcomes, including overdose.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.