ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2022
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy trends in Ghana: a cross-sectional study exploring the roles of political allegiance, misinformation beliefs, and sociodemographic factors.
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Associated factors with vaccine hesitancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a literature review].The Pan African medical journal · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Debunking COVID-19 vaccine misinformation with an audio drama in Ghana, a randomized control trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among residents of the Kwahu South Municipality in the Eastern Region of Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in Indonesia, Nepal, and Vietnam: Key lessons from a qualitative study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Strategies to promote COVID-19 vaccination in Northern Ghana: a qualitative study of stakeholders' perspectives.BMC public health · 2025Article
- An econometric examination of vaccine hesitancy among residents and their dependents in urban Ghana.Health economics review · 2025Review
- Assessing the psychometric properties of a modified vaccine hesitancy scale for measuring hepatitis B vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Southern Ghana.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the lived experiences of maternal healthcare providers who contracted COVID-19: a descriptive phenomenological study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine and its association with vaccine information and misinformation in Malawi.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Vaccine Confidence During Public Health Challenges and Prior to HPV Vaccine Introduction in Mali.Vaccines · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its predictors among healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital in Ghana: A cross-sectional survey.PloS one · 2025Article
- Factors affecting equitable access and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in Ghana: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Co-designing and pilot testing a digital game to improve vaccine attitudes and misinformation resistance in Ghana.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Review
- Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses among the Adult Population in Ghana: a cross-sectional study using the Health Belief Model.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Using machine learning algorithms to predict COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A year after the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines in Ghana.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- Lay beliefs of COVID-19 vaccine refusal among intercity commercial drivers in the Volta region of Ghana: recommendations for improved vaccine uptake.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and conspiracy beliefs in Togo: Findings from two cross-sectional surveys.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Health service factors affecting the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in a Ghanaian metropolis: A qualitative exploratory study.BMJ open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Africa has the slowest COVID-19 vaccination rate of any continent in the world, with only 29.8% of the population receiving at least one dose of the vaccine. This includes Ghana, where only 37.8% of the country have received at least one dose as of October, 2022. The key aims of this research were to determine levels of hesitancy in COVID-19 vaccines among unvaccinated individuals in Ghana and observe their trends across time, and to identify independent predictors associated with vaccine hesitancy among unvaccinated individuals. Methods: four online cross-sectional surveys of Ghanaian citizens were conducted in August, 2020 (N = 3048), March, 2021 (N = 1558), June, 2021 (N = 1295), and February, 2022 (N = 424). Results: overall hesitancy decreased from 36.8% (95% CI: 35.1%-38.5%) in August, 2020 to 17.2% (95% CI: 15.3%-19.1%) in March, 2021. However, hesitancy increased to 23.8% (95% CI: 21.5%-26.1%) in June, 2021, and then again to 52.2% (95% CI: 47.4%-57.0%) in February, 2022. Key reasons included not having enough vaccine-related information (50.6%) and concerns over vaccine safety (32.0%). Hesitant groups included Christians, urban dwellers, opposition political party voters, females, individuals who completed higher education, individuals who reported receiving COVID-19 information from internet sources, and individuals who expressed uncertainty about commonly-circulated COVID-19 misinformation beliefs. Conclusion: hesitancy rates among unvaccinated individuals in Ghana continues to rise. However, vaccine awareness strategies are sensitive to subpopulation characteristics. Many are reachable through targeted communication strategies, to which campaigns must focus on resolving vaccine-related concerns to ensure high vaccine uptake across Ghana.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.