Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36824209›Full record

ArticleAdvanced functional materials2022

Unmasking the Resolution-Throughput Tradespace of Focused-Ion-Beam Machining.

Andrew C Madison, John S Villarrubia, Kuo-Tang Liao, Craig R Copeland, Joshua Schumacher, Kerry Siebein, B Robert Ilic, J Alexander Liddle, Samuel M Stavis

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced functional materials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Andrew C MadisonMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
John S VillarrubiaMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Kuo-Tang LiaoMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Craig R CopelandMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Joshua SchumacherCNST NanoFab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Kerry SiebeinCNST NanoFab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
B Robert IlicMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
J Alexander LiddleMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Samuel M StavisMicrosystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
National Institute of Standards and Technology · US

Funding

Intramural NIST DOC 9999-NIST
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Focused-ion-beam machining is a powerful process to fabricate complex nanostructures, often through a sacrificial mask that enables milling beyond the resolution limit of the ion beam. However, current understanding of this super-resolution effect is empirical in the spatial domain and nonexistent in the temporal domain. This article reports the primary study of this fundamental tradespace of resolution and throughput. Chromia functions well as a masking material due to its smooth, uniform, and amorphous structure. An efficient method of in-line metrology enables characterization of ion-beam focus by scanning electron microscopy. Fabrication and characterization of complex test structures through chromia and into silica probe the response of the bilayer to a focused beam of gallium cations, demonstrating super-resolution factors of up to 6 ± 2 and improvements to volume throughput of at least factors of 42 ± 2, with uncertainties denoting 95% coverage intervals. Tractable theory models the essential aspects of the super-resolution effect for various nanostructures. Application of the new tradespace increases the volume throughput of machining Fresnel lenses by a factor of 75, enabling the introduction of projection standards for optical microscopy. These results enable paradigm shifts of sacrificial masking from empirical to engineering design and from prototyping to manufacturing.

Indexed as

chromium oxidefocused ion beamsacrificial maskingsuper-resolution

Identifiers

PMID36824209
PMCPMC9945459
OpenAlexW4292517170

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.