ArticleEpidemiology and health2023
Trends and all-cause mortality associated with multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases among adults in the United States, 1999-2018: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Epidemiology and health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-management difficulties in Swedish older adults and associations with sociodemographic factors, number of conditions, depression and health status.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Multimorbidity Patterns and Mortality Risk in a National Sample of US Adults Identified Using Latent Class Analysis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Changes in prevalence and patterns of non-communicable disease multimorbidity across socioeconomic spectra in rural Southwest China.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Regional, demographic and temporal trends in anemia and malignant cancer-related mortality in U.S. older adults: a nationwide CDC WONDER analysis (1999-2020).Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Multimorbidity, disease clusters and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of poverty-income ratio with cardiovascular disease and mortality in cancer survivors in the United States.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesMultimorbidity of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has brought enormous challenges to public health, becoming a major medical burden. However, the patterns, temporal trends, and all-cause mortality associated with NCD multimorbidity over time have not been well described in the United States.
methodsAll adult participants were sourced from nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In total, 55,081 participants were included in trend analysis, and 38,977 participants were included in Cox regression.
resultsThe 5 NCDs with the largest increases over the study period were diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, liver conditions, and cancer. The estimated prevalence of multimorbidity increased with age, especially for middle-aged participants with 5 or more NCDs; in general, the prevalence of NCD multimorbidity was higher among females than males. Participants with 5 or more NCDs were at 4.49 times the risk of all-cause mortality of participants without any diseases. Significant interactions were found between multimorbidity and age group (p for interaction <0.001), race/ethnicity (p for interaction<0.001), and educational attainment (p for interaction=0.010).
conclusionsThe prevalence of multiple NCDs significantly increased from 1999 to 2018. Those with 5 or more NCDs had the highest risk of all-cause mortality, especially among the young population. The data reported by this study could serve as a reference for additional NCD research.
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