ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2023
Protection against severe COVID-19 after second booster dose of adapted bivalent (original/Omicron BA.4-5) mRNA vaccine in persons ≥ 60 years, by time since infection, Italy, 12 September to 11 December 2022.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relative effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Preclinical development of a cross-protective β-SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle vaccine adjuvanted with MF59.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Worldwide SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection: Emerging sub-variants and future vaccination perspectives.Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi · 2025Review
- Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection affects adaptive immune responses to Omicron BA.4/BA.5 mRNA booster.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Multidisciplinary collaborative guidance on the assessment and treatment of patients with Long COVID: A compendium statement.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Comparison of two methods for the estimation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness of the autumnal booster within the VEBIS-EHR network in 2022/23.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Relative effectiveness of bivalent boosters against severe COVID-19 outcomes among people aged ≥ 65 years in Finland, September 2022 to August 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Trends in Intention to Take the Second Booster COVID-19 Vaccination and Associated Factors in China: Serial Cross-Sectional Surveys.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of XBB.1.5 Monovalent COVID-19 Vaccines During a Period of XBB.1.5 Dominance in EU/EEA Countries, October to November 2023: A VEBIS-EHR Network Study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of a fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in previously infected individuals from Austria.European journal of clinical investigation · 2024Observational
- Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Booster Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Article
- Responses to Common Misconceptions Relating to COVID-19 Variant-Adapted mRNA Vaccines.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Design and analysis heterogeneity in observational studies of COVID-19 booster effectiveness: A review and case study.Science advances · 2023Review
- Dynamics of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG Responses and Their Protective Effect against Fatal Disease after Booster COVID-19 Vaccination.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Bivalent Vaccine Effectiveness Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years During the BA.5-Predominant Period in Japan: The VENUS Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Cell-mediated and Neutralizing Antibody Responses to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted Bivalent Vaccine Booster in Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients.Transplantation direct · 2023Article
- Design and Analysis Heterogeneity in Observational Studies of COVID-19 Booster Effectiveness: A Review and Case Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Effectiveness against severe COVID-19 of a second booster dose of the bivalent (original/BA.4-5) mRNA vaccine 7-90 days post-administration, relative to a first booster dose of an mRNA vaccine received ≥ 120 days earlier, was ca 60% both in persons ≥ 60 years never infected and in those infected > 6 months before. Relative effectiveness in those infected 4-6 months earlier indicated no significant additional protection (10%; 95% CI: -44 to 44). A second booster vaccination 6 months after the latest infection may be warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.