ReviewClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology2023
New Mechanistic Insights of Melasma.
Review in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of Microneedle as an Assisted Therapy for Melasma: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of the Combination Therapy of Intense Pulsed Light and Microneedling With a Postbiotic Formulation for Melasma.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of low-fluence 1064 nm picosecond laser with/without micro-lens arrays for melasma treatment: a randomized, split-face controlled study.Lasers in medical science · 2025Trial
- Comparative study of different treatment modalities for melasma: introducing a novel nanotechnology-based tranexamic acid microemulsion.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Combination Therapy of Microneedling Radiofrequency, In-Office and Home-Based Topical Cysteamine in Refractory Melasma: A Split Face, Vehicle-Control, Randomized Control Trial.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Trial
- Bionic intelligent responsive barbed microneedles synergistically remodel the microenvironment for the treatment of refractory pigmentation disorders (melasma).Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Design, synthesis, biological activity and in silico evaluation of phenylthiazole derivatives as multifunctional skin-whitening agents.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Review
- [Q-switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser combined with topical metformin lotion for treatment of chloasma in mice].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- The Role of Phytocompounds and the Physiological Response of the Skin in Common Dermatological Conditions: A Narrative Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Trends.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ultraviolet radiation as a double-edged regulator of melanocyte function in vitiligo therapy and melanoma carcinogenesis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The Exposome in Melasma: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology, Mechanisms, and Implications for Management.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
- Establishment and Validation of a C57BL/6J Mouse Model for Melasma.Cell proliferation · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of 675-nm Laser Monotherapy for Melasma in Fitzpatrick Skin Types III-V: A Prospective Pre-Post Intervention Study.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Targeting Melasma: Innovations in Pigment Deposition and Photoaging in Cosmetic Dermatology.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Hydroquinone Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex Based Topical Cream as an Effective Treatment of Melasma by Releasing Hydroquinone in a Controlled Manner.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Different Treatments for Melasma: Network Meta-Analysis of Updated Data.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Decrypting the Potential of Lipidic Vesicular System for Delivery Enhancement of Tranexamic Acid in Melasma Hyperpigmentation Treatment.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Melasma is a common acquired disorder of pigmentation that negatively impacts quality of life. Present treatments show poor therapeutic effect with frequent recurrence. This in large part is due to the currently limited understanding of the disease's etiology. It is urgent to elucidate the pathogenesis of melasma to further the discovery of new therapeutic strategies. Recent studies show that melasma is triggered or aggravated by a variety of factors, including genetic susceptibility, ultraviolet radiation, and sex hormone dysregulation. Ultraviolet B radiation upregulates the expression of several melanocyte-specific genes and stimulates the release of key factors that participate in the synthesis of melanin. There is a significant increase in melanin in both the epidermal and dermal layers of affected skin, possibly due to abnormalities in crosstalk between the melanocytes and other cells. Melanogenesis is regulated through various signaling networks including the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, cAMP/PKA, and SCF/c-kit-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, neuroactive molecules, sebocytes, etc, have also been proved to be related to the pathogenesis of melasma. This review provides a comprehensive update on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of melasma.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.