ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.International dental journal · 2026Pooled it
- Varenicline Solution Nasal Spray for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease in Sjogren's Disease: A Pilot Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Trial
- Mechanisms of Chinese Medicines for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Review.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Review
- Managing Sjögren's Disease in Pediatric Patients.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- [Practical management of Sjögren's disease in the era of new treatment options : Current value of available outcome parameters].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Article
- Agomelatine for Sjögren's syndrome: a study on its therapeutic effects and mechanisms.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Serum exosomal tRNA-derived small RNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for primary Sjögren's syndrome: a combined model with autoantibodies.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Review
- Patterns of referral and histopathological interpretation of minor salivary gland biopsy in suspected Sjögren's disease: a single-center experience.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Enhanced ocular delivery of tacrolimus via cationic nanoliposomes: Mitigating inflammation and rebalancing Th17/Treg responses in dry eye disease.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Molecular Insights into Oral Manifestations in Sjögren's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Investigating the potential of the Chinese herbal remedy SS-1 for the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome via the interleukin-17 signaling axis.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- Diet and Medicinal Herbs as Adjunctive Approaches to Immune Homeostasis in Sjögren's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting the ferritinophagy axis: multi-target regulation of TFRC/FTH1/NCOA4 by artesunate ameliorates salivary gland dysfunction in Sjögren's Disease.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseases: biological mechanisms, clinical translation, and translational challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Acupuncture treatment for Sjögren's syndrome: a narrative review on mechanism of treatment and clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Interactions between taste and oral microbiome: mechanisms and implications for oral and systemic diseases.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology-Based Modulation of Autoimmune Microenvironments in Sjögren's Syndrome: A Review of Mechanistic Perspectives.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal orchestration of the salivary gland immune microenvironment in Sjögren's disease: a multidimensional framework of epithelial licensing, lymphoid neogenesis, and stromal remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied by multiple lesions. The main manifestations include dryness of the mouth and eyes, along with systemic complications (e.g., pulmonary disease, kidney injury, and lymphoma). In this review, we highlight that IFNs, Th17 cell-related cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23), and B cell-related cytokines (TNF and BAFF) are crucial for the pathogenesis of SS. We also summarize the advances in experimental treatment strategies, including targeting Treg/Th17, mesenchymal stem cell treatment, targeting BAFF, inhibiting JAK pathway, et al. Similar to that of SLE, RA, and MS, biotherapeutic strategies of SS consist of neutralizing antibodies and inflammation-related receptor blockers targeting proinflammatory signaling pathways. However, clinical research on SS therapy is comparatively rare. Moreover, the differences in the curative effects of immunotherapies among SS and other autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. We emphasize that targeted drugs, low-side-effect drugs, and combination therapies should be the focus of future research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.