Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36816399›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2023

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the fathers' fear of childbirth scale: A cross-sectional study.

Pingping Guo, Xuehui Zhang, Nianqi Cui, Dandan Chen, Lijuan Wang, Qiong Zheng, Jin Xu, Yin Jin, Minna Mao, Ping Xu and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Screening Measures of Perinatal Mental Health and Wellbeing in Fathers: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Pingping GuoWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Xuehui ZhangSchool of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
Nianqi CuiFaculty of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Dandan ChenFaculty of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Lijuan WangFaculty of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Qiong ZhengWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Jin XuWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Yin JinWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Minna MaoWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Ping XuWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Wei ZhangWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Xiaojuan WangWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Xuefen XuWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Rujia ZhaoWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Suwen FengWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University · CNZhejiang University · CNJining Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aim: Fear of childbirth (FOC) is one of the most common mental health concerns among expectant fathers, which can cause adverse consequences for themselves and their families. A valid and accurate tool is the key to the identification of FOC. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the fathers' fear of childbirth scale (FFCS) into simplified Chinese and test the scale's psychometric properties among expectant fathers in mainland China. Methods: Researchers obtained translation permission and followed the multiphase translation guidelines to develop the Chinese version of the fathers' fear of childbirth scale (C-FFCS). Relevant psychometric properties were selected for the scale's psychometric validation on the basis of the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurement Instruments checklist. In this cross-sectional study, two samples of expectant fathers were collected in a university-affiliated hospital in Hangzhou between September and October 2022. Results: A total of 381 expectant fathers completed the C-FFCS, resulting in an effective response rate of 95.6%. The C-FFCS is a 3-factor structure consisting of 16 items, which explained 66.374% of the total variance. The content validity index of items ranged from 0.833 to 1.00, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.931. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the scale's 3-factor structure. Evidence of convergent validity (average variance extracted = 0.508-0.780) as well as discriminant validity offered excellent psychometric support. The Cronbach's α coefficient, McDonald's ω coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown coefficient, and Guttman split-half coefficient are within the satisfactory range (> 0.80). Significant correlations between the scores of the C-FFCS and Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire ( Conclusion: The C-FFCS was demonstrated to be a sound instrument with good reliability and validity for measuring Chinese expectant fathers' FOC levels. However, further studies are advocated to verify the C-FFCS among a larger sample that is more representative of the Chinese expectant father population.

Indexed as

Chinesecultural adaptationexpectant fatherfear of childbirthpsychometric

Identifiers

PMID36816399
PMCPMC9935613
OpenAlexW4319162076

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.