ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2023
The metabolic differences of anestrus, heat, pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, and lactation in 800 female dogs.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in canine serum N-glycosylation pattern during infection and pregnancy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pregnancy-related changes in the canine serum N-glycosylation pattern studied by Rapifluor HILIC-UPLC-FLR-MS.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The supplementation of female dogs with live yeastFrontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Metabolomics during canine pregnancy and lactation.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Reproduction causes major hormonal and physiological changes to the female body. However, the metabolic changes occurring during canine reproduction are scarcely studied. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the metabolic effects of canine reproductive status using a Results: Lactation, pregnancy and heat all were associated with distinct metabolic changes; pregnancy caused major changes in the concentrations of glycoprotein acetyls, albumin and creatinine, and smaller changes in several lipids, citrate, glutamine, and alanine. Pseudopregnancy, on the other hand, metabolically largely resembled anestrus. Lactation caused major changes in amino acid concentrations and smaller changes in several lipids, albumin, citrate, creatinine, and glycoprotein acetyls. Heat, referring to proestrus and estrus, affected cholesterol and LDL metabolism, and increased HDL particle size. Albumin and glycoprotein acetyls were the metabolites included in the final multivariate model for pregnancy detection, and could differentiate pregnant dogs from non-pregnant ones with excellent sensitivity and specificity. Discussion: These results increase our understanding of the metabolic consequences of canine reproduction, with the possibility of improving maternal health and ensuring reproductive success. The identified metabolites could be used for confirming canine pregnancy.
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Registered trials
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