ArticlePLOS digital health2022
Real-time, spatial decision support to optimize malaria vector control: The case of indoor residual spraying on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.
Article in PLOS digital health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early malaria risk screening in Nigerian minors using AutoML and cluster-based analysis of non-clinical survey data.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Where did the nets go? Tracing long-lasting insecticidal net migration on Bioko Island.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Impact of a one-year interruption to vector control on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Indoor residual spraying household visits as a platform for engaging pregnant women in malaria prevention on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Impact of a one-year interruption to vector control on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Innovation under pressure: bold ideas for a changing malaria landscape.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Testing indoor residual spraying coverage targets for malaria control, Bioko, Equatorial Guinea.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2025Article
- Reconsidering indoor residual spraying coverage targets: A retrospective analysis of high-resolution programmatic malaria control data.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The challenge of improving long-lasting insecticidal nets coverage on Bioko Island: using data to adapt distribution strategies.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Impact of six-month COVID-19 travel moratorium on Plasmodium falciparum prevalence on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Adapting malaria indicator surveys to investigate treatment adherence: a pilot study on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- The challenge of improving long-lasting insecticidal nets coverage on Bioko Island: using data to adapt distribution strategies.Research square · 2024Article
- Mosquito control by abatement programmes in the United States: perspectives and lessons for countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Malaria journal · 2024Review
- Assessing IRS performance in a gender-integrated vector control programme on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, 2010-2021.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Identifying individual, household and environmental risk factors for malaria infection on Bioko Island to inform interventions.Malaria journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Public health interventions require evidence-based decision-making to maximize impact. Spatial decision support systems (SDSS) are designed to collect, store, process and analyze data to generate knowledge and inform decisions. This paper discusses how the use of a SDSS, the Campaign Information Management System (CIMS), to support malaria control operations on Bioko Island has impacted key process indicators of indoor residual spraying (IRS): coverage, operational efficiency and productivity. We used data from the last five annual IRS rounds (2017 to 2021) to estimate these indicators. IRS coverage was calculated as the percentage of houses sprayed per unit area, represented by 100x100 m map-sectors. Optimal coverage was defined as between 80% and 85%, and under and overspraying as coverage below 80% and above 85%, respectively. Operational efficiency was defined as the fraction of map-sectors that achieved optimal coverage. Daily productivity was expressed as the number of houses sprayed per sprayer per day (h/s/d). These indicators were compared across the five rounds. Overall IRS coverage (i.e. percent of total houses sprayed against the overall denominator by round) was highest in 2017 (80.2%), yet this round showed the largest proportion of oversprayed map-sectors (36.0%). Conversely, despite producing a lower overall coverage (77.5%), the 2021 round showed the highest operational efficiency (37.7%) and the lowest proportion of oversprayed map-sectors (18.7%). In 2021, higher operational efficiency was also accompanied by marginally higher productivity. Productivity ranged from 3.3 h/s/d in 2020 to 3.9 h/s/d in 2021 (median 3.6 h/s/d). Our findings showed that the novel approach to data collection and processing proposed by the CIMS has significantly improved the operational efficiency of IRS on Bioko. High spatial granularity during planning and deployment together with closer follow-up of field teams using real-time data supported more homogeneous delivery of optimal coverage while sustaining high productivity.
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Registered trials
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