SynthesisInternational urogynecology journal2023
Supervised versus unsupervised pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International urogynecology journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparisons of approaches to pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Digital Therapeutic FEMANEA® for Women with Stress and Mixed Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.International urogynecology journal · 2026Trial
- A Comparison of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises and Spinal Stabilization Exercises in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence.International urogynecology journal · 2025Trial
- Effects of Unsupervised Gluteal Muscle Contraction Versus Unsupervised Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Women with Symptoms of Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International urogynecology journal · 2024Trial
- Facilitators and Barriers to Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise Among Patients with Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: A Meta-Synthesis.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Neurogenic gastrointestinal, urinary, and sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a multidisciplinary framework for clinical practice.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Review
- Review
- Postpartum Screening and Referral for Pelvic Floor Dysfunction at a United States Military Medical Center.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Home-Based Self-Management Multimodal Pelvic Health Programs for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Scoping Review.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Effects of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Female Sexual Function in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Controlled Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Optimizing remote access to Urinary Incontinence Treatments for Women Veterans: Identifying salient features of participants' experiences with two delivery modalities.Continence (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Diagnosis and management of urinary incontinence in females.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Review
- The effect of a pelvic floor training program on perineal trauma during birth: a patient-preference controlled clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pelvic floor muscle training in managing female stress urinary incontinence.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Effects of pelvic floor electrical stimulation with an implantable device at different frequencies on stress urinary incontinence in rats.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Effects of pelvic floor muscle training on sexual function of postmenopausal women. A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sexual medicine · 2025Review
- Impact of Different Types of Physical Exercises for the Management of Older Women with Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Online vs. Supervised Training in Relieving Urinary Incontinence and Diastasis Recti Abdominis in Early Postpartum.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisThis study synthesized the effects of supervised and unsupervised pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) programs on outcomes relevant to women's urinary incontinence (UI).
methodsFive databases were searched from inception to December 2021, and the search was updated until June 28, 2022. Randomized and non-randomized control trials (RCTs and NRCTs) comparing supervised and unsupervised PFMT in women with UI and reported urinary symptoms, quality of life (QoL), pelvic floor muscles (PFM) function/ strength, the severity of UI, and patient satisfaction outcomes were included. Risk of bias assessment of eligible studies was performed by two authors through Cochrane risk of bias assessment tools. The meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects model with the mean difference or standardized mean difference.
resultsSix RCTs and one NRCT study were included. All RCTs were assessed as "high risk of bias", and the NRCT study was rated as "serious risk of bias" for almost all domains. The results showed that supervised PFMT is better than unsupervised for QoL and PFM function of women with UI. There was no difference between supervised and unsupervised PFMT for urinary symptoms and improvement of the severity of UI. Results of patient satisfaction were inconclusive due to the sparse literature. However, supervised and unsupervised PFMT with thorough education and regular reassessment showed better results than those for unsupervised PFMT without educating patients about correct PFM contractions.
conclusionsSupervised and unsupervised PFMT programs can both be effective in treating women's UI if training sessions and regular reassessments are provided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.