ArticleScientific reports2023
Spectro-temporal acoustic elements of music interact in an integrated way to modulate emotional responses in pigs.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Specific Acoustic Parameters on Responses in Growing Pigs: Towards a Precision Auditory Enrichment Strategy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- ICT training with wearable devices to enhance emotional communication and musicality in vocal education.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Musical stimulation in lactating sows affects pre-weaning piglet mortality and maternal behavior.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Advances in Audio Classification and Artificial Intelligence for Respiratory Health and Welfare Monitoring in Swine.Biology · 2026Review
- A review of sound-based pig monitoring for enhanced precision production.Journal of animal science and technology · 2025Review
- Literature review of the use of Qualitative Behaviour Assessment with a fixed list of terms.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Effects of a veterinary functional music-based enrichment program on the psychophysiological responses of farm pigs.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Music and Emotions in Non-Human Animals from Biological and Comparative Perspectives.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Adapted Original Music as an Environmental Enrichment in an Intensive Pig Production System Reduced Aggression in Weaned Pigs during Regrouping.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Music is a complex stimulus, with various spectro-temporal acoustic elements determining one of the most important attributes of music, the ability to elicit emotions. Effects of various musical acoustic elements on emotions in non-human animals have not been studied with an integrated approach. However, this knowledge is important to design music to provide environmental enrichment for non-human species. Thirty-nine instrumental musical pieces were composed and used to determine effects of various acoustic parameters on emotional responses in farm pigs. Video recordings (n = 50) of pigs in the nursery phase (7-9 week old) were gathered and emotional responses induced by stimuli were evaluated with Qualitative Behavioral Assessment (QBA). Non-parametric statistical models (Generalized Additive Models, Decision Trees, Random Forests, and XGBoost) were applied and compared to evaluate relationships between acoustic parameters and pigs' observed emotional responses. We concluded that musical structure affected emotional responses of pigs. The valence of modulated emotions depended on integrated and simultaneous interactions of various spectral and temporal structural components of music that can be readily modified. This new knowledge supports design of musical stimuli to be used as environmental enrichment for non-human animals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.