ReviewRadiology2023
Quantification of Liver Iron Overload with MRI: Review and Guidelines from the ESGAR and SAR.
Abstract readReview
In one paragraph
Review in Radiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnosis and Management of Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia: Evidence-Based Guidelines From the Pediatric Hematology Oncology Chapter of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics.Indian pediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Best practices for pediatric liver MRI: guidelines from members of the Society for Pediatric Radiology Magnetic Resonance and Abdominal Imaging Committees.Pediatric radiology · 2025Guideline
- Reproducibility of liver iron concentration measured by R2* method based on 1.5-T MRI: a meta-analysis.European radiology · 2025Pooled it
- MRI risk stratification in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): from diffuse liver disease to focal lesions.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Utility of multi-echo MRI for differentiating neonatal hemochromatosis from other causes of neonatal liver failure.European radiology · 2026Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging R2* mapping for evaluating Ki-67 proliferation index and cytokeratin 19 expression in solitary iron-sparing hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective single-center study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Bone marrow R2* correlates with liver iron load and is associated with decreased survival in patients with cirrhosis without liver iron overload.European radiology · 2026Article
- Hyperferritinemia: Pathophysiology, Etiologies, and Diagnostic Approach.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Hyperpolarized MRI Detects Increased [1-NMR in biomedicine · 2026Article
- Quantitative assessment of pancreas R2* in cirrhosis with systemic iron overload: relationship with serum iron parameters and metabolic complications.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Multimodal imaging features to diagnose abdominal complications of sickle cell disease.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Coffee Consumption and Improved Liver Outcomes: Clinical, Imaging, and Proteomic Evidence From the UK Biobank.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2026Article
- In vivo visualization of bioactive iron and oxygen using LiON, the labile iron and oxygen notifier.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Exploring the mediating role of bone marrow fat in the liver iron-bone density relationship: A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia · 2026Article
- Optimal energy level of virtual monoenergetic images for iron detectability in dual-energy CT: a Phantom study.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Triple Iron Chelation in Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Phantom-derived method for improving accurate material decomposition in photon-counting detector CT.European radiology experimental · 2026Article
- Comparison of hepatic iron quantification by MRI between 1.5 and 3 T, using different methods and conversion formulas.European radiology · 2026Article
- Motion-robust proton density fat fraction andMagma (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- MRI-Based Synovial Iron Quantification Associates with Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Scott B ReederFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-4728-8171
Takeshi YokooFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-5092-6931
Manuela FrançaFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-1068-8577
Diego HernandoFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-0016-0317
Ángel Alberich-BayarriFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-5932-2392
José María AlústizaFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-0056-3829
Yves GandonFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-7729-6087
Benjamin HenningerFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-2872-840X
Claudia HillenbrandFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0001-8694-2178
Kartik JhaveriFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).
Musturay KarçaaltıncabaFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-3384-0909
Jens-Peter KühnFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-3258-930X
Amirkasra MojtahedFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-1879-9255
Suraj D SeraiFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).
Richard WardFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-4807-8603
John C WoodFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).
Jin YamamuraFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-3990-5125
Luis Martí-BonmatíFrom the Departments of Radiology (S.B.R., D.H.), Medical Physics (S.B.R., D.H.), Biomedical Engineering (S.B.R.), Medicine (S.B.R.), and Emergency Medicine (S.B.R.), University of Wisconsin, Room 2472, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705; Department of Radiology and Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (T.Y.); Department of Radiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Oporto, Portugal (M.F.); Biomedical Imaging Research Group (GIBI230-PREBI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers in Medicine, Quibim SL, Valencia, Spain (Á.A.B.); Osatek, Magnetic Resonance Unit, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain (J.M.A.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France (Y.G.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (B.H.); Research Imaging NSW, Division of Research & Enterprise, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (C.H.); Joint Department of Medical Imaging (K.J.) and Department of Medicine (R.W.), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Liver Imaging Team, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey (M.K.); Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (J.P.K.); Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A.M.); Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.S.); Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif (J.C.W.); Center of Radiology & Endoscopy, Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (J.Y.); and Medical Imaging Department and Biomedical Imaging Research Group, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe and Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain (L.M.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-8234-010X
Funding
Confounder-Corrected Quantitative MRI Biomarkers of HepaticR01DK100651 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI REEDER, SCOTT B. · 2014 to 2017
$2.7MMRI-based Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of Hepatic Iron OverloadR01DK117354 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI HERNANDO, DIEGO · 2018 to 2021
$2.3MNIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK100651NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK117354
Abstract
Accumulation of excess iron in the body, or systemic iron overload, results from a variety of causes. The concentration of iron in the liver is linearly related to the total body iron stores and, for this reason, quantification of liver iron concentration (LIC) is widely regarded as the best surrogate to assess total body iron. Historically assessed using biopsy, there is a clear need for noninvasive quantitative imaging biomarkers of LIC. MRI is highly sensitive to the presence of tissue iron and has been increasingly adopted as a noninvasive alternative to biopsy for detection, severity grading, and treatment monitoring in patients with known or suspected iron overload. Multiple MRI strategies have been developed in the past 2 decades, based on both gradient-echo and spin-echo imaging, including signal intensity ratio and relaxometry strategies. However, there is a general lack of consensus regarding the appropriate use of these methods. The overall goal of this article is to summarize the current state of the art in the clinical use of MRI to quantify liver iron content and to assess the overall level of evidence of these various methods. Based on this summary, expert consensus panel recommendations on best practices for MRI-based quantification of liver iron are provided.
Indexed as
Iron OverloadLiverBiopsyHumansIronMagnetic Resonance ImagingIron
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