ReviewOphthalmology and therapy2023
Blue Light Exposure: Ocular Hazards and Prevention-A Narrative Review.
Review in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the efficacy of repeated low-level red-light therapy in retarding childhood myopia progression: updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness and safety of the repeated low-level red light therapy in slowing the progression of myopia in children and adolescents.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- A pilot study of body-mind-spirit group therapy on sleep and quality of life in individuals with visual impairment.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- The effect of fingolimod (FTY720) protecting the retina of rats from light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD).Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Monochromatic Blue Light Enhances Antioxidant Status and Remodels the Gut Microbiome in Association with Increased Plasma Melatonin in Broiler Chickens.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Red light mediated energy transfer catalysisChemical science · 2026Article
- Blue-Light Filters in Eye Care: A State-of-the-Art Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Iontophoresis Drug Delivery to the Macula of Lutein for Age Related Macular Degeneration.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Bioavailability of lutein following short-term consumption of raw vegetables and juice.Nutrition research and practice · 2026Article
- Violet-Blue Light Photobiological Effect on Cultured Corneal and Pigment Retinal Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mitigating Blue-Light Risk in Display-Based Digital Therapeutics: A Practical Framework to Support Clinical Efficacy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Photooxidative molecular damage under blue light.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Effects of Blue Light Exposure on Hepatic Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Mice Consuming a High-Fat, High-Fructose Diet.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Digital eye strain among Indian university students in the post-COVID era: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Influence of light on myopia-a review.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Impact of tablet's correlated color temperature on ocular and visual function in myopic children: a pilot study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Factors affecting color vision: a systematic review.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Highlights on the Effects of Graphene-Family Materials Dispersion on Hydration and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Materials.ACS omega · 2025Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionExposure to blue light has seriously increased in our environment since the arrival of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and, in recent years, the proliferation of digital devices rich in blue light. This raises some questions about its potential deleterious effects on eye health. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update on the ocular effects of blue light and to discuss the efficiency of methods of protection and prevention against potential blue light-induced ocular injury.
methodsThe search of relevant English articles was conducted in PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases until December 2022.
resultsBlue light exposure provokes photochemical reactions in most eye tissues, in particular the cornea, the lens, and the retina. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that certain exposures to blue light (depending on the wavelength or intensity) can cause temporary or permanent damage to some structures of the eye, especially the retina. However, currently, there is no evidence that screen use and LEDs in normal use are deleterious to the human retina. Regarding protection, there is currently no evidence of a beneficial effect of blue blocking lenses for the prevention of eye diseases, in particular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In humans, macular pigments (composed of lutein and zeaxanthin) represent a natural protection by filtering blue light, and can be increased through increased intake from foods or food supplements. These nutrients are associated with lower risk for AMD and cataract. Antioxidants such as vitamins C, E, or zinc might also contribute to the prevention of photochemical ocular damage by preventing oxidative stress.
conclusionCurrently, there is no evidence that LEDs in normal use at domestic intensity levels or in screen devices are retinotoxic to the human eye. However, the potential toxicity of long-term cumulative exposure and the dose-response effect are currently unknown.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.