ReviewCurrent obesity reports2023
Obesity Paradox: Fact or Fiction?
Review in Current obesity reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat vs. Allopurinol in Gout Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Target Trial Emulation.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Metabolic predictors of response to immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer: unveiling the obesity paradox.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Association Between BMI and Tumour Regression After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Oesophageal Cancers: Insights From a German Nationwide Registry.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- The Vicious Cycle of Inflammation: How Obesity, Dialysis Catheters, and NETosis Determine Albumin Levels and Prognosis in Hemodialysis Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- An Artificial Intelligence based model for predicting long-term all-cause mortality after acute Myocardial Infarction (the AIMI model).European heart journal. Digital health · 2026Article
- Metabolic Endotoxemia Amplifies Estrogen Signaling Through Stromal Crosstalk in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Association between anthropometric indices and mortality risk among individuals with depression: A population-based cohort study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Management of Obese Patients with Cardiovascular Disease with Emerging Weight-Lowering Drugs: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Body mass index (BMI) at RR-TB diagnosis as an independent predictor of treatment outcomes: a retrospective analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Sex differences in cardiovascular disease and associated factors in people living with HIV: Evidence from All of Us program.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- If treating obesity with GLP-1-based therapies protects the heart, could it also prevent cancer or improve cancer outcomes? The case for randomized trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- The Impact of Body Mass Index and Nutritional Status on Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance Using ICEB and ICEBc: A Cross-Sectional Approach.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Increased mortality risk with lower versus higher BMI in older adults with T2DM: a Shanghai diabetes management cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Exploring the mediating roles of diet and physical activity in the association between different obesity phenotypes and risk of depression: A cox survival analysis approach.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Sex-specific obesity paradox and type 2 myocardial infarction in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Associations of biological ageing and genetic risk with incident abdominal aortic aneurysm.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Influence of Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of physical fitness in Chinese college students: a multi-group latent growth curve analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Prognostic Implications of Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.The open respiratory medicine journal · 2026Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewObesity is related to several comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and various types of cancers. While the detrimental effect of obesity in both mortality and morbidity has been well established, the concept of the obesity paradox in specific chronic diseases remains a topic of continuous interest. In the present review, we examine the controversial issues around the obesity paradox in certain conditions such as cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the factors that may confound the relation between obesity and mortality. RECENT
findingsWe refer to the obesity paradox when particular chronic diseases exhibit an interesting "paradoxical" protective association between the body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes. This association, however, may be driven by multiple factors among which the limitations of the BMI itself; the unintended weight loss precipitated by chronic illness; the various phenotypes of obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity or the athlete's obesity phenotype; and the cardiorespiratory fitness levels of the included patients. Recent evidence highlighted that previous cardioprotective medications, obesity duration, and smoking status seem to play a role in the obesity paradox. The obesity paradox has been described in a plethora of chronic diseases. It cannot be emphasized enough that the incomplete information received from a single BMI measurement may interfere with outcomes of studies arguing in favor of the obesity paradox. Thus, the development of carefully designed studies, unhampered by confounding factors, is of great importance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.