Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36807992›Full record

Observational studyJournal of rehabilitation medicine2023

Management Of Spastic Equinovarus Foot in Children with Cerebral Palsy: An Evaluation of Anatomical Landmarks for Selective Nerve Blocks of the Tibial Nerve Motor Branches.

Alessandro Picelli, Rita Di Censo, Alessandro Zadra, Silvia Faccioli, Nicola Smania, Mirko Filippetti

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of rehabilitation medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 39% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alessandro PicelliNeuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy; Canadian Advances in Neuro-Orthopaedics for Spasticity Congress (CANOSC), Kingston, ON, Canada. alessandro.picelli@univr.it.
Rita Di CensoNeuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Alessandro ZadraNeuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Silvia FaccioliAUSL IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Nicola SmaniaNeuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Mirko FilippettiNeuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre, Section of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
University of Verona · ITAzienda Sanitaria Unità Locale di Reggio Emilia · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo define the anatomical landmarks of tibial motor nerve branches for selective motor nerve blocks of the gastrocnemii,  soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in the management of spastic equinovarus foot.

designObservational study. PATIENTS: Twenty-four children with cerebral palsy with spastic equinovarus foot.

methodsConsidering the affected leg length, motor nerve branches to the gastrocnemii, soleus and tibialis posterior muscles were tracked using ultrasonography, and located in the space (vertical, horizontal, deep) according to the position of fibular head (proximal/distal) and a virtual line from the middle of popliteal fossa to the Achilles tendon insertion (medial/lateral).

resultsLocation of motor branches was defined as percentage of the affected leg length. Mean coordinates were: for the gastrocnemius medialis 2.5 ± 1.2% vertical (proximal), 1.0 ± 0.7% horizontal (medial), 1.5 ± 0.4% deep; for the gastrocnemius lateralis 2.3 ± 1.4% vertical (proximal), 1.1 ± 0.9% horizontal (lateral), 1.6 ± 0.4% deep; for the soleus 2.1 ± 0.9% vertical (distal), 0.9 ± 0.7% horizontal (lateral), 2.2 ± 0.6% deep; for the tibialis posterior 2.6 ± 1.2% vertical (distal), 1.3 ± 1.1% horizontal (lateral), 3.0 ± 0.7% deep.

conclusionThese findings may help the identification of tibial motor nerve branches to perform selective nerve blocks in patients with cerebral palsy with spastic equinovarus foot.

Indexed as

Cerebral PalsyClubfootNerve BlockChildHumansLegMuscle, SkeletalMuscle SpasticityTibial Nerve

Identifiers

PMID36807992
PMCPMC9972165
OpenAlexW4321459771

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.