ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2023
Comparison of diabetes distress and depression screening results of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes onset at different ages: findings from the German early-onset T1D study and the German Diabetes Study (GDS).
Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Beck Depression Inventory-II scores of adults with type 1 diabetes in Japan: Analysis using the Juntendo-Aso Type 1 Diabetes (JAT-1) Cohort.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Relevance.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- Age Differences in Lower-Extremity Amputation in People With Diabetes and Behavioral Health Comorbidities.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Psychological resilience mediates the relationship between diabetes distress and depression among persons with diabetes in a multi-group analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparing quality of life in traditional face-to-face visits with a hybrid approach of telemedicine with in-person follow-ups in recent users of advanced closed-loop systems: a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with type 1 diabetes.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic and Clinical Determinants on Health-Related Quality of Life in Emerging Andalusian Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
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9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetes distress is increasingly considered one of the most important psychosocial issues in the care of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We analyse whether diabetes distress and depression screening results of emerging adults are associated with the age at T1D onset.
methodsData were taken from two cohort studies conducted at the German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany. The 18-30-year-old participants had an age at onset either before the age of 5 years (childhood-onset long-term T1D study group, N = 749) or during adulthood (adult-onset short-term T1D study group from the German Diabetes Study (GDS), N = 163). Diabetes distress and depression screening were analysed by means of the 20-item Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID-20) scale and the nine-item depression module from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The average causal effect of age at onset was estimated by a doubly robust causal inference method.
resultsThe PAID-20 total scores were increased in the adult-onset study group [potential outcome mean (POM) 32.1 (95% confidence interval 28.0; 36.1) points] compared to the childhood-onset study group [POM 21.0 (19.6; 22.4) points, difference 11.1 (6.9; 15.3) points, p<0.001] adjusted for age, sex and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Moreover, more participants in the adult-onset group [POM 34.5 (24.9; 44.2) %] than in the childhood-onset group [POM 16.3 (13.3; 19.2) %] screened positive for diabetes distress [adjusted difference 18.3 (8.3; 28.2) %, p<0.001]. The PHQ-9 total score [difference 0.3 (-1.1; 1.7) points, p=0.660] and the proportion of participants with a positive screening result for depression [difference 0.0 (-12.7; 12.8) %, p=0.994] did not differ between the groups in the adjusted analyses.
conclusionsEmerging adults with short-term type 1 diabetes screened positive for diabetes distress more often than adults with type 1 diabetes onset during early childhood when age, sex and HbA1c values were considered confounding factors. Accounting for age at onset or the duration of diabetes may help explain the heterogeneity in the data when psychological factors are examined.
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