ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2023
Nonrestorative sleep is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in the general Japanese population.
Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal association of nonrestorative sleep with subjective health and work performance: a cohort study in the Japanese construction industry.Industrial health · 2026Article
- Nonrestorative Sleep and Poor Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health among Middle-Aged Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.JMA journal · 2026Article
- Association between nonrestorative sleep and increased healthcare costs: a 6-year cohort study.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2026Article
- Daily associations of subjective and objective sleep parameters with restorative sleep and morning sleepiness in Japanese working adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Nonrestorative sleep is associated with somatic and depressive symptoms in Japanese junior high school students.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2025Article
- Nonrestorative sleep: a potential indicator or consequence of job stress.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2025Article
- High job stress evaluated using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire as an independent factor for nonrestorative sleep among Japanese workers.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2025Article
- Association of Perceived Acoustic Environment Exposure and Nonrestorative Sleep with Cognitive Functioning Among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Associations between nonrestorative sleep and suicidal ideation: a Japanese general population survey.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence of nonrestorative sleep before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: based on a nationwide cross-sectional survey among Japanese in 2019 and 2022.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Nonrestorative Sleep and Type 2 Diabetes Incidence: The Aichi Workers' Cohort Study.Journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Social determinants of sleep quality: association between sleep quality and living environment among older individuals.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2024Article
- The effect of nonrestorative sleep on incident hypertension 1-2 years later among middle-aged Hispanics/Latinos.BMC public health · 2023Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThis longitudinal study aimed to investigate the effects of nonrestorative sleep on developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related diseases in a general Japanese middle-aged population.
methodsOverall, 83,224 adults without MetS (mean age: 51.5 ± 3.5 years) from the Health Insurance Association in Japan were followed up for a maximum of 8 years between 2011 and 2019. The Cox proportional hazard method was used to determine whether nonrestorative sleep, assessed using a single-item question, was significantly associated with the respective development of MetS, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The MetS criteria were adopted by the Examination Committee for Criteria of Metabolic Syndrome in Japan.
resultsThe mean follow-up duration was 6.0 years. The incidence rate of MetS was 50.1 person-years/1,000 during the study period. Data suggested that nonrestorative sleep was associated with MetS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.16) and other disorders, such as obesity (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.12), hypertension (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04-1.11), and diabetes (HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.12) but not with dyslipidemia (HR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97-1.03).
conclusionsNonrestorative sleep is associated with the development of MetS and many of its core components in the middle-aged Japanese population. Therefore, assessing nonrestorative sleep may help identify individuals at a risk of MetS development.
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