Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36803315›Full record

ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2023

Physiotherapy with integrated virtual reality for patients with complex chronic low back pain: protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial (VARIETY study).

Syl Slatman, Raymond Ostelo, Harry van Goor, J Bart Staal, Jesper Knoop

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05701891 (The), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05701891 naunknown statusnot on this map

The (Cost-)Effectiveness of an Innovative, Personalised Intervention of Therapeutic VirtuAl Reality IntEgrated Within physioTherapY for a Subgroup of Complex Chronic Low Back Pain Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorHAN University of Applied SciencesRan2023 to 2025Enrolled120ConditionsChronic Low-back PainArmsPhysiotherapy with integrated Virtual Reality, Physiotherapy (usual care)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Syl SlatmanResearch Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. syl.slatman@han.nl.
Raymond OsteloDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science and Amsterdam Movement Science Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Harry van GoorDepartment of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
J Bart StaalResearch Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Jesper KnoopResearch Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Radboud University Medical Center · NLDepartment of Health · ZAHAN University of Applied Sciences · NLVrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic low back pain (CLBP) is the most common chronic pain condition worldwide. Currently, primary care physiotherapy is one of the main treatment options, but effects of this treatment are small. Virtual Reality (VR) could be an adjunct to physiotherapy care, due to its multimodal features. The primary aim of this study is to assess the (cost-)effectiveness of physiotherapy with integrated multimodal VR for patients with complex CLBP, compared to usual primary physiotherapy care.

methodsA multicenter, two-arm, cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) including 120 patients with CLBP from 20 physiotherapists will be conducted. Patients in the control group will receive 12 weeks of usual primary physiotherapy care for CLBP. Patients in the experimental group will receive treatment consisting of 12 weeks of physiotherapy with integrated, immersive, multimodal, therapeutic VR. The therapeutic VR consists of the following modules: pain education, activation, relaxation and distraction. The primary outcome measure is physical functioning. Secondary outcome measures include pain intensity, pain-related fears, pain self-efficacy and economic measures. Effectiveness of the experimental intervention compared to the control intervention on primary and secondary outcome measures will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat principle, using linear mixed-model analyses. DISCUSSION: This pragmatic, multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial, will determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of physiotherapy with integrated, personalized, multimodal, immersive VR in favor of usual physiotherapy care for patients with CLBP.

trial registrationThis study is prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT05701891).

Indexed as

Chronic PainLow Back PainVirtual RealityChronic DiseaseHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicPhysical Therapy ModalitiesPragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeChronic low back painCluster randomized controlled trial (RCT)PhysiotherapyStudy protocolVirtual reality (VR)

Identifiers

PMID36803315
PMCPMC9940420
OpenAlexW4321371133

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.