ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2023
The effect of the 2009 revised U.S. guidelines for gestational weight gain on maternal and infant health: a quasi-experimental study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Excessive gestational weight gain associated with higher risk of cesarean delivery across body mass index categories in the United States.Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction · 2025Article
- Gestational weight gain and increased risk of cesarean delivery across body mass index categories.AJOG global reports · 2025Article
- Lifestyle Intervention to Promote an Adequate Gestational Weight Gain and Improve Perinatal Outcomes in a Cohort of Obese Women.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The effect of the 2009 WIC revision on maternal and child health: A quasi-experimental study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2022Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundExcess gestational weight gain (GWG) has adverse short- and long-term effects on the health of mothers and infants. In 2009, the US Institute of Medicine revised its guidelines for GWG and reduced the recommended GWG for women who are obese. There is limited evidence on whether these revised guidelines affected GWG and downstream maternal and infant outcomes.
methodsWe used data from the 2004-2019 waves of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a serial cross-sectional national dataset including over 20 states. We conducted a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences analysis to assess pre/post changes in maternal and infant outcomes among women who were obese, while "differencing out" the pre/post changes among a control group of women who were overweight. Maternal outcomes included GWG and gestational diabetes; infant outcomes included preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW), and very low birthweight (VLBW). Analysis began in March 2021.
resultsThere was no association between the revised guidelines and GWG or gestational diabetes. The revised guidelines were associated with reduced PTB (- 1.19% points, 95%CI: - 1.86, - 0.52), LBW (- 1.38% points 95%CI: - 2.07, - 0.70), and VLBW (- 1.30% points, 95%CI: - 1.68, - 0.92). Results were robust to several sensitivity analyses.
conclusionThe revised 2009 GWG guidelines were not associated with changes in GWG or gestational diabetes but were associated with improvements in infant birth outcomes. These findings will help inform further programs and policies aimed at improving maternal and infant health by addressing weight gain in pregnancy.
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