Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36800287›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2023

The impact of attending historically Black colleges and universities on cognitive decline in Black adults: A longitudinal analysis in the KHANDLE and STAR cohorts.

Marilyn D Thomas, Camilla Calmasini, Harmon Khela, Taylor M Mobley, Elizabeth Rose Mayeda, Christina Mangurian, Lisa L Barnes, Paola Gilsanz, Rachel A Whitmer, M Maria Glymour

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Marilyn D ThomasSchool of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3245-6363
Camilla CalmasiniSchool of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Harmon KhelaDepartments of Biology and of Public Health Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Taylor M MobleyDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Elizabeth Rose MayedaDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Christina MangurianSchool of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Lisa L BarnesRush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Paola GilsanzSchool of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Rachel A WhitmerKaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA.
M Maria GlymourSchool of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001872 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COLLARD, HAROLD R, JACOBY, VANESSA · 2016 to 2025
$112.1M
UC Davis Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG072972 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Audrey Peiwen Fan · 2021 to 2026
$25.2M
Study of Healthy Aging in African AmericansR01AG050782 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Paola Gilsanz, Rachel A Whitmer · 2023 to 2026
$19.1M
SF BUILD: Enabling Students to Represnt in ScienceUL1GM118985 · NIGMS · SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI MARQUEZ-MAGANA, LETICIA MARIA, MORRIS, MEGHAN D · 2015 to 2023
$18.2M
Lifecourse health, cerebral pathology and ethnic disparities in dementia (KHANDLE Study)R01AG052132 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI GILSANZ, PAOLA, GLYMOUR, MEDELLENA MARIA · 2021 to 2025
$18.0M
Early Vascular Contributions to Dementia Risk in African-AmericansRF1AG050782 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI WHITMER, RACHEL A · 2017 to 2017
$3.8M
Contributions of educational quality and occupational complexity on racial and ethnic inequities in brain health and Alzheimer's disease and related dementiaR01AG066132 · NIA · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GILSANZ, PAOLA · 2019 to 2023
$2.0M
Impact of Historically Black Colleges and Universities on Late-life Cognition in Black AdultsK99AG076973 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI THOMAS, MARILYN D · 2022 to 2023
$250k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001872NIA NIH HHS K99 AG076973NIA NIH HHS K99AG076973NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072972NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050782NIA NIH HHS R01 AG052132NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066132NIA NIH HHS R01AG066132NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG050782NIA NIH HHS RF1AG050782NIGMS NIH HHS UL1 GM118985
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBlack students attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs) versus historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) report more harmful discrimination and develop worse mental health outcomes, potentially offsetting the established benefits of college for lowering dementia incidence.

methodsBlack participants in two cohorts (the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences [KHANDLE] and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans [STAR]) who had attended college (N = 716) self-reported the college name (classified as HBCU vs. PWI) and completed three waves of executive function (EF) and verbal episodic memory (VEM) assessments. HBCU effects on cognitive level and decline were estimated using adjusted linear mixed-effects models.

resultsHBCU (vs. PWI) attendees averaged better EF (β = 0.05 [-0.22, 0.32]) and VEM (β = 0.21 [-0.06, 0.46]) at age 70 though neither association was statistically significant. HBCU attendance was associated with slightly faster VEM decline (β = -0.03 [-0.05, 0.00]). DISCUSSION: Harmonized analyses with larger studies are needed to estimate important effects of HBCU attendance. HIGHLIGHTS: Higher education is robustly linked to lower dementia risk, yet Black-White inequities persist among college-educated adults. Black students attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs) versus historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) report more harmful discrimination and develop worse mental health outcomes, which may offset the established benefits of college for lowering dementia incidence. HBCU (vs. non-HBCU) attendees averaged better executive function and verbal episodic memory (VEM) at average age 70, though confidence intervals were wide and associations were not statistically significant, and averaged slightly faster decline in VEM. Harmonized analyses using larger nationally representative studies are likely needed to avoid underestimating the health effects of HBCU attendance.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionDementiaHealthy AgingAdultAgedHumansLife Change EventsUniversitiesBlackcognitioncognitive declinecollegeexecutive functionhistorically Black colleges and universitiesuniversityverbal episodic memory

Identifiers

PMID36800287
PMCPMC10432571

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.