Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36799712›Full record

ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2023

Gelatin-Based Ingestible Impedance Sensor to Evaluate Gastrointestinal Epithelial Barriers.

Gaurav Balakrishnan, Arnav Bhat, Durva Naik, Julie Shin Kim, Sona Marukyan, Lily Gido, Mia Ritter, Aditya S Khair, Christopher J Bettinger

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Recent Progress of Soft and Bioactive Materials in Flexible Bioelectronics.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gaurav BalakrishnanMaterials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7671-4048
Arnav BhatBiomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2206-8199
Durva NaikMaterials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Julie Shin KimBiomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Sona MarukyanMaterials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Lily GidoBiomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Mia RitterMaterials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Aditya S KhairChemical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Christopher J BettingerMaterials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-5681
Carnegie Mellon University · US

Funding

Adhesive Transient Strain Sensors for Monitoring Post-Cardiotomy HemodynamicsR21EB028418 · NIBIB · ALLEGHENY-SINGER RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI HALBREINER, MICHAEL SCOTT · 2020 to 2022
$596k
Ingestible Electronic Devices for Non-Invasive Vagal StimulationR21EB032519 · NIBIB · CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY · PI DICKEY, ELIZABETH C · 2022 to 2024
$584k
Microstructured Intestinal Retentive Devices for Sustained Oral DeliveryR21EB026073 · NIBIB · CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY · PI BETTINGER, CHRISTOPHER JOHN · 2019 to 2021
$386k
NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB026073NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB028418NIBIB NIH HHS R21 EB032519NIH HHS R21EB026073NIH HHS R21EB028418
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Low-profile and transient ingestible electronic capsules for diagnostics and therapeutics can replace widely used yet invasive procedures such as endoscopies. Several gastrointestinal diseases such as reflux disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and eosinophilic esophagitis result in increased intercellular dilation in epithelial barriers. Currently, the primary method of diagnosing and monitoring epithelial barrier integrity is via endoscopic tissue biopsies followed by histological imaging. Here, a gelatin-based ingestible electronic capsule that can monitor epithelial barriers via electrochemical impedance measurements is proposed. Toward this end, material-specific transfer printing methodologies to manufacture soft-gelatin-based electronics, an in vitro synthetic disease model to validate impedance-based sensing, and tests of capsules using ex vivo using porcine esophageal tissue are described. The technologies described herein can advance next generation of oral diagnostic devices that reduce invasiveness and improve convenience for patients.

Indexed as

Eosinophilic EsophagitisGastroesophageal RefluxAnimalsCapsulesElectric ImpedanceGelatinSwineCapsulesGelatinepithelial barrier integritygelatinimpedance sensoringestible electronics

Identifiers

PMID36799712
PMCPMC10192083
OpenAlexW4321165623

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.