ReviewMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2023
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Types and Applications.
Review in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.
- Allergenicity Assessment of Plant-Derived Sweet Proteins-In Silico, In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Approach: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- From immunological mechanisms to targeted therapies: a bibliometric analysis in the domain of research concerning neutrophil extracellular traps and pulmonary diseases (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Disease Biomarker Detection Using Fluorescence Polarization Assays: Principles and Clinical Applications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Molecular Basis and Biomarker Potential of the HIF-1α-VEGF-GLUT1 Hypoxia Axis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Calprotectin identified as a key differentially expressed plasma biomarker in periprosthetic joint infection against aseptic failure: a precision health proteomics study.Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Strongyloidiasis Diagnosed by ELISA in Brussels: A Bicentric Retrospective Study.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Centrifugal microfluidics for rapid target analyte quantification in airborne bioaerosols.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- Functional Parameters of Hybridoma Cells: Methods of Evaluation and Biotechnological Relevance.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparison of multiple antigens for use in indirect ELISAs for detection of anti-capripoxvirus antibodies in sheep, goats, and cattle.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Rapid detection ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- A novel Carica papaya fruit peel peroxidase: kinetics, stability, and dye degradation.BMC biotechnology · 2026Article
- Identifying circulating protein targets for common factors underlying schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Raman spectroscopy combined with multiple technologies for label-free identification of immune cells: An overview.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Soluble E-Cadherin as a New Prognostic Biomarker Able to Predict Survival in Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- From Sea to Therapy: Development and Analytical Control of Recombinant Human CDKL5 Production in the Marine BacteriumMarine drugs · 2026Article
- Application of extracellular vesicles in the CRISPR-based diagnosis and treatment: possibilities and challenges.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- An Innovative Multifaceted Approach to Enhance the Sensitivity of a Target Engagement ELISA.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Article
- Development of a monoclonal antibody-based time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic assay strip for rapid and quantitative determination of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 in serum.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an immunological assay widely used in basic science research, clinical application studies, and diagnostics. The ELISA technique relies on the interaction between the antigen (i.e., the target protein) versus the primary antibody against the antigen of interest. The presence of the antigen is confirmed through the enzyme-linked antibody catalysis of the added substrate, the products of which are either qualitatively detected by visual inspection or quantitatively using readouts from either a luminometer or a spectrophotometer. ELISA techniques are broadly classified into direct, indirect, sandwich, and competitive ELISA-all of which vary based on the antigens, antibodies, substrates, and experimental conditions. Direct ELISA relies on the binding of the enzyme-conjugated primary antibodies to the antigen-coated plates. Indirect ELISA introduces enzyme-linked secondary antibodies specific to the primary antibodies bound to the antigen-coated plates. Competitive ELISA involves a competition between the sample antigen and the plate-coated antigen for the primary antibody, followed by the binding of enzyme-linked secondary antibodies. Sandwich ELISA technique includes a sample antigen introduced to the antibody-precoated plate, followed by sequential binding of detection and enzyme-linked secondary antibodies to the recognition sites on the antigen. This review describes ELISA methodology, the types of ELISA, their advantages and disadvantages, and a listing of some multifaceted applications both in clinical and research settings, including screening for drug use, pregnancy testing, diagnosing disease, detecting biomarkers, blood typing, and detecting SARS-CoV-2 that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.