ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2023
Sex hormone influence on female-biased autoimmune diseases hints at puberty as an important factor in pathogenesis.
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical features and efficacy analysis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children: a single-center, retrospective study (2015-2025).European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Establishment of Thyroid Volume Reference Curves for Children in Xinjiang: An Exploration of Goiter Diagnosis and the Role of Iodine Nutrition.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Sex hormones and gender differences in immune responses and anticancer immunity: a comprehensive review.Biologia futura · 2026Review
- Thyroid autoimmunity in relation to islet autoantibodies in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA as a candidate marker of hyperinflammation and immune activation in pre-adolescents, adolescents and young adults with COVID-19 and comorbidities.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
- Estrogen and progesterone-mediated differential modulation of CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Temporal Trend and Health Inequality in the Burden of Autoimmune Diseases Among Older Adolescents and Young Adults Aged 15-29 Years.Archives of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Understanding Sex Differences in Autoimmune Diseases: Immunologic Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The impact of reproductive factors on breast tumor and normal-adjacent tissue immune profile from menarche to menopause.Carcinogenesis · 2025Article
- Plasma testosterone concentration is correlated with circulating immune cell abundance in transgender young people on gender-affirming hormone treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Female gender and quality of life outcomes in myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent biobehavioural responses to transgenerational maternal stress: evidence of stress resilience and vulnerability in the F3 generation.Environmental epigenetics · 2025Article
- Independent Risk Factors and Mortality Implications of De Novo Central Nervous System Involvement in Patients Hospitalized with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Dysregulation of Cholesterol and Glucose Levels in Graves' Disease Using Clinical Data Analysis.Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2024Article
- Comparison of juvenile and adult myasthenia gravis in a French cohort with focus on thymic histology.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Immune dynamics throughout life in relation to sex hormones and perspectives gained from gender-affirming hormone therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Autoimmune Hashimoto's Disease and Feminization Level-TestingEvolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behaviorArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The majority of autoimmune diseases affect more women than men, suggesting an important role for sex hormones in regulating immune response. Current research supports this idea, highlighting the importance of sex hormones in both immune and metabolic regulation. Puberty is characterized by drastic changes in sex hormone levels and metabolism. These pubertal changes may be what forms the gulf between men and women in sex bias towards autoimmunity. In this review, a current perspective on pubertal immunometabolic changes and their impact on the pathogenesis of a select group of autoimmune diseases is presented. SLE, RA, JIA, SS, and ATD were focused on in this review for their notable sex bias and prevalence. Due to both the scarcity of pubertal autoimmune data and the differences in mechanism or age-of-onset in juvenile analogues often beginning prior to pubertal changes, data on the connection between the specific adult autoimmune diseases and puberty often relies on sex hormone influence in pathogenesis and established sex differences in immunity that begin during puberty.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.