ArticleCommunications biology2023
An ankylosaur larynx provides insights for bird-like vocalization in non-avian dinosaurs.
Article in Communications biology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reconstruction of an extinct soundscape reveals ultrasonic communication in the Jurassic.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Syrinx anatomy and vocalizations in New World vultures (Aves: Cathartidae): Implications for avian vocal evolution.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Cranial anatomy, palaeoneurology, palaeobiology and stratigraphic age of the large-bodied ornithopod,PeerJ · 2026Article
- A new neornithischian dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of northern China.PeerJ · 2025Article
- Beakiation: how a novel parrot gait expands the locomotor repertoire of living birds.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- A nearly complete skull of the sauropod dinosaurRoyal Society open science · 2023Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
A voice box (larynx) is unique for tetrapods and plays functional roles in respiration, airway protection, and vocalization. However, in birds and other reptiles, the larynx fossil is extremely rare, and the evolution of this structure remains largely unknown. Here we report the fossil larynx found in non-avian dinosaurs from ankylosaur Pinacosaurus grangeri. The larynx of Pinacosaurus is composed of the cricoid and arytenoid like non-avian reptiles, but specialized with the firm and kinetic cricoid-arytenoid joint, prominent arytenoid process, long arytenoid, and enlarged cricoid, as a possible vocal modifier like birds rather than vocal source like non-avian reptiles. Although bird-unique vocal source (syrinx) have never been reported in non-avian dinosaurs, Pinacosaurus could have employed bird-like vocalization with the bird-like large, kinetic larynx. This oldest laryngeal fossil from the Cretaceous dinosaur provides the first step for understanding the vocal evolution in non-avian dinosaurs toward birds.
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