ArticleNature communications2023
Reciprocal modulation of ammonia and melanin production has implications for cryptococcal virulence.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the therapeutic potential of the antibacterial drug nitroxoline in combating cryptococcal infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Calcium triggersbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- PDE4B deficiency aids macrophage differentiation and contributes to Cryptococcus neoformans brain infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Genetically Encoded Sensors for Monitoring Intracellular Redox Health of the Pathogenic FungusACS sensors · 2025Article
- Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting the evolution of virulence in the HIV-associated opportunistic human fungal pathogenVirulence · 2025Article
- Riboflavin inhibits growth and reduces virulence ofVirulence · 2025Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans from an environmental perspective.Virulence · 2025Review
- Peroxisomes regulate virulence and cell density sensing inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Proteome remodeling upon disruption of virulence-associated CipC fromMicrobiology resource announcements · 2025Article
- Cryptococcal nutrient acquisition and pathogenesis: dining on the host.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Effect of insertion of intein to Cryptococcus amylolentus, a nonpathogenic fungus closely related to causative agents of cryptococcosis.Microbial pathogenesis · 2025Article
- Isolation, identification, and production optimization of natural functional pigments produced byFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Virulence factors released by extracellular vesicles fromFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Cell wall melanin impedes growth of theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Paracoccidioides lutzii Infects Galleria mellonella Employing Formamidase as a Virulence Factor.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Mechanisms and Virulence Factors ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Glutathione-mediated redox regulation in Cryptococcus neoformans impacts virulence.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Investigation of the influence of pH and temperature on melanization and survival under oxidative stress in Cryptococcus neoformans.Archives of microbiology · 2024Article
- Host and fungal factors both contribute to cryptococcosis-associated hyperammonemia (cryptammonia).Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of cryptococcosis, a disease that is uniformly lethal unless treated with antifungal drugs, yet current regimens are hindered by host toxicity and pathogen resistance. An attractive alternative approach to combat this deadly disease is the direct targeting of pathogen-derived virulence mechanisms. C. neoformans expresses multiple virulence factors that have been studied previously as isolated entities. Among these, are urease, which increases phagosomal pH and promotes brain invasion, and melanization, which protects against immune cells and antifungal treatments. Here we report a reciprocal interdependency between these two virulence factors. Cells hydrolyzing urea release ammonia gas which acts at a distance to raise pH and increase melanization rates for nearby cells, which in turn reduces secretion of urease-carrying extracellular vesicles. This reciprocal relationship manifests as an emergent property that may explain why targeting isolated virulence mechanisms for drug development has been difficult and argues for a more holistic approach that considers the virulence composite.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.