SynthesisVaccine2023
Determinants of humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Vaccine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune response of COVID-19 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Vaccination of Adults With Cancer: ASCO Guideline.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Guideline
- Characterization of the Immune Response after Oral Cholera Vaccination (OCV) and Effects of Mycophenolate Mofetil on Priming of this Immune Response-A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Trial
- Long-term immune response to mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- SEOM-GGCC clinical guidelines for the prophylaxis of infectious diseases in patients with cancer (UPDATE 2026).Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Situation Analysis of Immune Response Status One Year After the Nationwide COVID-19 Vaccination in Cameroon: Role of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Real-World Experience with the Available Outpatient COVID-19 THErapies in Patients with canceR (CO.THER).Cancers · 2025Article
- Impact of systemic anticancer therapy timing on cancer vaccine immunogenicity: a review.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Seroconversion and Immune Correlates in Patients with Hematological Malignancies. A Real World Study.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Mannan-Decorated Lipid Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticle Vaccine Increased the Antitumor Immune Response by Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Review
- Article
- mRNA-1273 vaccination induces polyfunctional memory CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in patients with solid cancers undergoing immunotherapy or/and chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Patients Receiving Adjuvant and Palliative Chemotherapy.Chonnam medical journal · 2024Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- Clinical and laboratory considerations: determining an antibody-based composite correlate of risk for reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 or severe COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceSolid cancer patients following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are likely to have a lower seroconversion rate than healthy adults. Seroconversion between those with and without cancer is likely to vary moderately or to be restricted to specific subgroups. Therefore, we sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors for diminished humoral immune responses in solid cancer patients.
methodsMEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were used to search literature through May 1, 2022. Prospective or retrospective studies comparing responders with non-responders against SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) following COVID-19 vaccination were included. Pooled Odds Ratios (pORs) with 95% CIs for binary variables and differences in means (with SDs) for continuous variables were calculated to determine the pooled effect estimates of risk factors for poor antibody response.
resultsFifteen studies enrolling 3593 patients were included in the analysis. Seroconversion was seen in 84% of the pooled study population. Male gender, age >65 years, and recent chemotherapy were all factors in a poor immune response. Patients under follow-up, those who received immunotherapy or targeted therapy, were more likely to be seropositive. Cancer subtypes, vaccine types, and timing of antibody testing from the 2nd dose of vaccine did not correlate with seroconversion.
conclusionCytotoxic therapy for solid cancer may portend poor immune response following 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccines suggesting a need for booster doses in these patients. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy are likely to be associated with seropositive status, and thus can be considered as an alternative to cytotoxic agents in cases where both therapies are equally efficacious.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.