Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36792322›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2023

Global evidence of gender equity in academic health research: a scoping review.

Andrea C Tricco, Vera Nincic, Nazia Darvesh, Patricia Rios, Paul A Khan, Marco M Ghassemi, Heather MacDonald, Fatemeh Yazdi, Yonda Lai, Rachel Warren and 27 more

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

Andrea C TriccoKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Andrea.tricco@unityhealth.to.ORCID 0000-0002-4114-8971
Vera NincicKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nazia DarveshKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Patricia RiosIndependent Researcher, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Paul A KhanKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Marco M GhassemiKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Heather MacDonaldKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Fatemeh YazdiKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Yonda LaiKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rachel WarrenKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Alyssa AustinKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Olga ClearyKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nancy N BaxterKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Karen E A BurnsKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Douglas CoyleSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Janet A CurranDepartment of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9977-0467
Ian D GrahamSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Gillian HawkerInstitute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6358-1197
France LégaréVitam Research Centre in Sustainable Health, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Jennifer WattKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Holly O WittemanVitam Research Centre in Sustainable Health, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Jocalyn P ClarkDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Ivy L BourgeaultUniversity of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5113-9243
Jeanna Parsons LeighSchool of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8408-674X
Sofia B AhmedCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3000-2229
Karen LawfordDepartment of Gender Studies, Queen's University, Haudenosaunee and Anishinaabek Territories, Settlement of Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Alice B AikenDepartment of Research and Innovation, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Etienne V LangloisPartnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (PMNCH), WHO, Geneve, Switzerland.
Christopher McCabeInstitute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Sasha ShepperdNuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6384-8322
Becky SkidmoreIndependent Information Specialist, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Reena PattaniDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Natalie LeonHealth Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Jamie LundineUniversity of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Évèhouénou Lionel AdissoDepartment of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universite Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Wafa El-AdhamiScience in Australia Gender Equity Limited, Canberra, ACT, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9777-8502
Sharon E StrausKnowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Funding

CIHR 468557CIHR 477339CIHR PJT-165927World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo chart the global literature on gender equity in academic health research.

designScoping review.

participantsQuantitative studies were eligible if they examined gender equity within academic institutions including health researchers. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcomes related to equity across gender and other social identities in academia: (1) faculty workforce: representation of all genders in university/faculty departments, academic rank or position and salary; (2) service: teaching obligations and administrative/non-teaching activities; (3) recruitment and hiring data: number of applicants by gender, interviews and new hires for various rank; (4) promotion: opportunities for promotion and time to progress through academic ranks; (5) academic leadership: type of leadership positions, opportunities for leadership promotion or training, opportunities to supervise/mentor and support for leadership bids; (6) scholarly output or productivity: number/type of publications and presentations, position of authorship, number/value of grants or awards and intellectual property ownership; (7) contextual factors of universities; (8) infrastructure; (9) knowledge and technology translation activities; (10) availability of maternity/paternity/parental/family leave; (11) collaboration activities/opportunities for collaboration; (12) qualitative considerations: perceptions around promotion, finances and support.

resultsLiterature search yielded 94 798 citations; 4753 full-text articles were screened, and 562 studies were included. Most studies originated from North America (462/562, 82.2%). Few studies (27/562, 4.8%) reported race and fewer reported sex/gender (which were used interchangeably in most studies) other than male/female (11/562, 2.0%). Only one study provided data on religion. No other PROGRESS-PLUS variables were reported. A total of 2996 outcomes were reported, with most studies examining academic output (371/562, 66.0%).

conclusionsReviewed literature suggest a lack in analytic approaches that consider genders beyond the binary categories of man and woman, additional social identities (race, religion, social capital and disability) and an intersectionality lens examining the interconnection of multiple social identities in understanding discrimination and disadvantage. All of these are necessary to tailor strategies that promote gender equity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/8wk7e/.

Indexed as

FacultyGender EquityFaculty, MedicalFemaleHumansLeadershipMalePregnancySalaries and Fringe BenefitsWorkforceeducation & training (see medical education & training)general medicine (see internal medicine)health services administration & management

Identifiers

PMID36792322
PMCPMC9933760

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.