ArticlePloS one2023
Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) associates with composites of salivary cytokines.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) system and components: Potential for exploring the periodontal systemic interface.Journal of periodontology · 2026Article
- The Oral Microbiome, Oral Hyperpermeability, and Periodontitis in Metabolic Syndrome.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Salivary short chain fatty acids serve as biomarkers of periodontal inflammatory burden.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Neuropeptide Neuroparsin-A Regulates the Establishment of Dominance Hierarchy in Bumblebees.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Dental Calculus Formation Rate: The Role of Salivary Proteome and Metaproteome.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2025Observational
- Salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers during periodontitis progression and after treatment.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2024Article
- Periodontal Inflammation and Dysbiosis Relate to Microbial Changes in the Gut.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Clinical Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicle Therapy in Periodontitis: Reduced Inflammation and Enhanced Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Periodontal Treatment During the Blanking Period Improves the Outcome of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeriodontal disease (PerioD) is a chronic, complex inflammatory condition resulting from the interaction between subgingival dysbiotic bacteria and the host immune response leading to local inflammation. Since periodontal inflammation is characterized by multiple cytokines effects we investigated whether Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA), a continuous measure of clinical periodontal inflammation is a predictor of composite indexes of salivary cytokines. METHODS AND
findingsIn a cross-sectional study of 67 healthy, well-educated individuals, we evaluated PISA and several cytokines expressed in whole stimulated saliva. Two salivary cytokine indexes were constructed using weighted and unweighted approaches based on a Principal Component Analysis [named Cytokine Component Index (CCI)] or averaging the (standardized) level of all cytokines [named Composite Inflammatory Index (CII)]. In regression analysis we found that PISA scores were significantly associated with both salivary cytokine constructs, (CCI: part R = 0.51, p<0.001; CII: part R = 0.40, p = 0.001) independent of age, gender and BMI showing that single scores summarizing salivary cytokines correlated with severity of clinical periodontal inflammation.
conclusionsClinical periodontal inflammation may be reflected by a single score encompassing several salivary cytokines. These results are consistent with the complexity of interactions characterizing periodontal disease. In addition, Type I error is likely to be avoided.
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